402 
APPENDIX NO. X. 
Approximate latitude. 
A.M. 
Time by pocket-chronometer. 
78° 37^ 
Double altitude of sun. 
May 16,1854. 
P.M. 
Time by pocket-chronometer. 
h. in. s? 
° 1 
b. in. ft. 
0 46 18 
© 49 30 
8 25 21*5 
47 24 
35 
24 21 
48 17*5 
40 
23 29 
0 49 33 
© 50 50 
8 22 0*5 
50 35*5 
55 
21 11 
51 31 
51 00 
20 10*5 
0 53 16*5 
O 50 5 
8 18 31*5 
54 15 
10 
17 3G 
55 16*5 
15 
16 33*5 
0 56 22*5 
© 51 25 
8 15 20-5 
57 33*5 
30 
14 19*5 
58 32*5 
35 
13 8*5 
Index error on arc +0' 24". Same, r.M., +0' 20". 
Barometer, 30'04 inches; attached thermometer, +49°; temperature of air, +7° 5 ' 
in the morning, and 30*02 inches; 50° 5' and +13°; the same respectively in the 
afternoon. 
In working up the observations, index error, refraction, and change 
of the sun’s declination, during the interval, were properly taken into 
account. 
In a few instances, when the weather of other causes prevented an 
observation for latitude at noon, two sets of observations were taken, 
as far distant from one another as practicable, and latitude and longitude 
deduced accordingly. Such was the case at Fiskcrnaes and llefugo 
Inlet. This method proved very accurate, provided one set was not 
more than two hours from noon, and the other at least two hours distant 
from the first. 
Time was noted by a pocket-chronometer, which was compared before 
and after each set of observations with four box-chronometers, the rates 
of which had been determined at New York before leaving port. At 
St. John’s, Newfoundland, and at different times in our wdnter quarters, 
the box-chronometers were rated by Mr. Sontag by means of a transit- 
instrument. The mean rate of the pocket-chronometer as found by 
comparison with* each box-chronomctcr was adopted. As an approxi¬ 
mate longitude of the prime meridian of Ilenssclaer Harbor, 70° 40' 
W. of Greenwich has at present been adopted. A slight change is 
anticipated from some observed occultations of planets by the moon and 
a solar eclipse: these observations have not yet been worked up. Any 
change made hereafter in this longitude will, as has already been re¬ 
marked, equally affect all the other longitudes. 
For the determination of azimuths by means of a sextant, the angle 
