PKUNING. 
47 
of October will be so far towards .healing that the severe frost which 
mostly comes with the new year will do it but little harm. On no 
account should winter pruning be proceeded with during severe frost. 
The knife bruises and breaks rather than cuts frozen wood, and leaves 
wounds that are long in healing, if ever they do heal soundly. The 
cut should be clean and at a sharp angle, with its lower edge nearest 
to the bud, so that the new shoot or growth proceeding hence should 
the more speedily cover it with new wood. Very much of the success 
of pruning turns upon such minutiae as the time and place to cut; and, 
in fact, in pruning nothing is too small or minute to claim and receive the 
\ 
most careful attention. In horticulture generally, and pruning in parti¬ 
cular, it is the master of trifles who commands success. 
IPlanting. 
Ir-Time, 
Time, soil, and site, are the three most important points to consider in 
regard to apple planting. The best time to plant is from the middle 
of October to the end of December. No doubt apples will grow, even 
if planted up to May, or, in fact, at almost any time; but they will thrive 
