388 
Herpetomonas jaculum (Leger) 
(9) One mode of infection has been proved experimentally in the 
laboratory and also observed at the breeding grounds of the Nepa. 
Cysts voided in infected faeces are swallowed by other Nepa in the 
adult and nymphal stages. The crops of such nymphs on dissection 
were found to contain cysts, whereas no flagellates were present in other 
parts of the gut, so that primary infection occurred here in the crops of 
the nymphs. 
Cannibalism of Nepa cinerea whereby other Nepa are devoured is 
also responsible for the spread of H. jaculum. 
I have no definite evidence of hereditary infection, although I have 
found flagellate and post-flagellate forms (PI. V, Figs. 46—49) in the 
ovaries of the host. The parasites were not found in the eggs. The 
occurrence of parasites in the ovaries may be regarded as a stage in the 
evolution of hereditary infection. 
(10) Various environmental effects have been studied, the most 
important observation being that fresh food appears to stimulate the 
parasites and to cause their rapid division. 
(11) The generic name Herpetomonas should be retained, as 
originally constituted, for parasites having but one flagellum and no 
undulating membrane (see pp. 383 et seq.). 
(12) I wish to record the occurrence of a new species of Herpeto¬ 
monas, H. vespae, from the alimentary tract of the hornet, Vespa crabro. 
REFERENCES. 
Further references will be found at the ends of some of the papers quoted. 
Berliner, E. (1909). Flagellaten Studien. Arch. f. Protistenkunde, xv. pp. 
297—325. (H. jaculum , pp. 313—319.) 
Chatton, E. et Alilaire, E. (1908). Coexistence d’un Leptomonas {Herpetomonas) 
et d’un Trypanosoma chez un muscide non vulnerant, Drosophila confusa, 
Staeger. Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. lxiv. pp. 1004—1006. 
Donovan, C. (1909). Annual Report of Govt. General Hospital , Madras, pp, 28—32. 
Lafont, A. (vi. 09). Sur la presence d’un parasite de la classe des Flagelles dans 
le latex de 1’ Euphorbia pilulifera. Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. Lxvi. pp. 1011 — 1013. 
Lisger, L. (1902). Sur la structure et le mode de multiplication des Flagelles du 
genre Herpetomonas, Kent. C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, t. 134, pp. 781—784, 7 figs. 
Patton, W. S. (vii. 1907). Preliminary Note on the Life-cycle of a Species of 
Herpetomonas found in Culex pipiens. Brit. Med. Journ. II. pp. 78—80, 3 figs. 
- (1907). The Development of the Leishman-Donovan Parasite in Cimex 
rotundatus. Second Report. Sci. Mem. Govt. India, No. 31. 
- (1907). Insect Flagellates. Annual Report...King Inst. Prevent. Med., Guindy, 
Madras, pp. 10—12. 
- (1908). Herpetomonas lygaei. Arch. f. Protistenkunde, xiii. pp. 1—18, 1 pi. 
