203 
CASK OF LITHOTOMY IN THE HORSE. 
the rectum, and brought the body in the bladder into contact 
with it, and the assistant was satisfied it was a stone which 
struck the end of the sound. Continuing this instrument in the 
bladder held by an assistant, I placed the fingers of my left 
hand upon the perinaeum, opposite the symphysis pubis, and, 
drawing the integuments up, kept the parts tense. 
I then commenced the external incision immediately below the 
arch of the pubis, close on the left of the raphe, and continued it 
down obliquely by the side of the anus, making the external 
wound three and a half inches in length. I then divided the 
fascia and transversales pennsei muscles, and introduced the fore 
finger of my left hand into the wound, and distinctly felt the 
pudic artery where it enters the bulb. I kept my finger upon it, 
and carried on my deeper incision below it laterally down by the 
side of the rectum, through the connecting cellular texture, oc¬ 
casionally feeling for the sound in the urethra, which I cut down 
upon in its membranous part beyond the bulb, and with some 
little difficulty, which I apprehended was in consequence of the 
jointed sound being moveable : a straight fluted staff was then 
introduced into the bladder, through the opening in the urethra, 
and the calculus again distinctly felt and heard on being struck. 
The sound was withdrawn, the forceps introduced, and the stone 
attempted to be extracted, supposing from its size, compared with 
the dilatability of the neck of the bladder, that it might be ex¬ 
tracted without division of the neck; but that not being prac¬ 
ticable on account of the sphincter forcibly contracting, the fore 
finger of the left hand was introduced into the bladder, which 
served as a director to a long probe-pointed bistoury, which was 
then passed within the neck of the bladder, and its division com¬ 
pleted by withdrawing the bistoury, keeping the edge downwards 
and outwards in a line with the external wound. The calculus 
was then easily extracted. It was of the size of a small pullet s 
egg, rough on its surface, with a pungent urinary smell, sandy 
texture, being easily broken, and of a light nature, weighing not 
quite three ounces. 
The hemorrhage was trifling, and I did not find it requisite 
to take up a single branch of the small arteries, which were neces- 
sarilv divided. The bladder was washed out with warm water, by 
using a patent syringe, and two sutures were applied by the side 
of the anus connecting it with the common integuments. The 
horse was then allowed to get up, and, having stood a few mi¬ 
nutes, was walked into a loose box, and had a bran mash, part of 
which he ate. Immediately after the operation, I gave him as a 
draught, tinct. opii £ss., aquae lbss. He had no unfavourable 
symptoms, and did not appear exhausted or restless. 
