580 WOUNDS PENETRATING INTO THE CHEST. 
respiration which is produced by any substance obstructing the 
cavities or the nose. 
An hour after the opening of the chest, and the aperture of 
the canula having been closed for half an hour, the movements 
of the flanks were very much quickened, and consequently 
shortened in their duration, and there could be heard in the re¬ 
spiratory passages two distinct sounds, the one in the trachea, 
which commenced when the flanks began to sink, and the other 
in the nostrils, when the respiration was finished. These sounds 
had much resemblance to each other, and may be designated by 
the names, whizzing rattle, loud and dry (rale sifflant , gros 
et sec). It much resembled the sound of a pair of bellows. 
The horses, the cavity of whose chest remained in communi¬ 
cation with the external air only one or two minutes, survived ; 
the agitation of the flanks gradually diminished ; and ordinarily, 
after three days, the functions of respiration were re-established 
in their natural state. The disturbance of the respiratory func¬ 
tions had little or no influence on the organs of digestion, or, 
at least, the horses retained their usual appetite. 
It was not so when the communication between the cavity 
of the chest and the external air was long kept open; for 
if this continued during half an hour, the horse rarely 
survived. 
We will cite a case in proof of what we have stated. 
On September 23d, 1829, at half past three o’clock, p.m., we 
submitted a mare, in fair condition, to the following experiment. 
Before the operation the respiratory sound was natural; a com¬ 
munication between the external air and the cavity of the chest 
was then made in the way already described. 
Immediately after the introduction of the canula the respira¬ 
tion became much accelerated, and the mare coughed several 
times. 
At forty minutes past three the respiration was still quicker, 
and exceedingly difficult. The respiratory murmur of the lungs 
had nearly ceased, but there was a very distinct sound produced 
by the friction of the lungs against the admitted air, and increased 
when we closed the canula. The resonance of the chest con¬ 
tinued or was increased whenever percussion could be applied. 
The souffle nasal was very loud. 
At four o’clock we withdrew the canula. 
At a quarter past four the movements of the flanks were ex¬ 
ceedingly quick, and consequently short: we could hear a con¬ 
siderable and loud whizzing, first in the trachea when the flanks 
began to fall, and then in the nostrils, when the expiration was 
completed. 
