WOUNDS PENETRATING INTO THE CHEST. 581 
At eight at night the inspiration was short and painful; the 
expiration prolonged, and also very painful: the whole body was 
shaken by the contraction of the respiratory muscles; the anus 
partook of the same movement, it retracted and protruded ac¬ 
cording as the flanks fell or rose. We heard no more the vesi¬ 
cular sound, nor any pulmonary one, but only that produced by 
the friction of a mass of spume between the lungs and the ribs. 
The mare refused to eat. 
24 th 9 7 a.m.— The respiratory movements very quick, and ex¬ 
ecuted by jerks like the bellows of a forge ; resonance over the 
whole of the chest; the nostrils dilated and curled beyond mea¬ 
sure ; the meeting of the air in the trachea and the nostrils pro¬ 
duced always two successive sounds; a spumous sound is heard 
in the chest, and a whizzing one in the bronchi. The mare fell 
on her litter at eight o’clock in the evening, and died at mid¬ 
night. 
25th, 11 a.m. Post-mortem examination .—Injection of the 
sub-pleural vessels of the pericardium, the mediastinum, and the 
diaphragm. Injection of the sub-pleural vessels of that part of 
the membrane which surrounded the wound, and for the space of 
about ten or twelve centimetres (4 or \\ inches). The pleural 
cavity filled with spume, and in the lower part of it five or six 
pounds of turbid serosity, of a pale grey colour, and which had 
the appearance of pus mixed with water. False membranes, en¬ 
closing globules of air, existed in great numbers on several points 
of the pulmonary pleura, and particularly about the part which 
corresponded with the opening into the thoracic cavity. Ihese 
false membranes covered a pulmonary tissue, dense, red, and the 
interlobulary portion of which was infiltrated ; in fact, pneumo¬ 
nia existed in that part of the lung. The sub-pleural tissue was 
infiltrated and injected, and, already, the external surface of the 
pleura was slightly rugous and pointed : there w T ere little emi¬ 
nences corresponding with the reddened surfaces of the false 
membrane. This partial inflammation of the lung was probably 
produced more by the friction of the canula against its tissue* 
than by the action of the air, since it was only at the part which 
corresponded with the canula that this lesion was observed, 
while the air was in contact with the whole of the pleural sur¬ 
face : besides, in other experiments in which we did not use the 
canula, the lesions which we have now described were not ob¬ 
served. 
* This friction was very great, in consequence ot the continual changes 
in the relation of different parts of the pulmonary and costal pleurae with 
each other. They could be easily appreciated by introducing the finger for 
a few instants into the orifice. 
VOL. vii. 4 F 
