627 
HYDROCEPHALUS—SEROUS APOPLEXY. 
however, whether horse or ox, the effects of compression of the 
brain from effusion of fluid in the lateral ventricles occasionally 
come under our notice. This resembles, and sometimes very 
closely corresponds with, serous apoplexy in the human being. 
I know not the symptoms which, during the life of the animal, are 
to guide us in distinguishing between serous and sanguineous 
apoplexy, except perhaps that in serous apoplexy the progress 
of the disease is slower, and the symptoms are of a milder 
character. 
Case of Serous Apoplexy .—Observe these enormous plexus 
choroides. They are quite as large as an almond with the shell 
upon it. This belonged to a horse that died of serous apoplexy. 
From a high-spirited, free-working animal, he had gradually 
become a mere slug; and he had more than once stood suddenly 
still while on a journey, as if threatened with an attack of me¬ 
grims ; but he had never fallen or been decidedly convulsed : 
he had likewise very rapidly been losing condition. He was 
found one morning with his head leaning against the manger, 
and supporting the greater part of his weight. He was uncon¬ 
scious of surrounding objects, heard not when spoken to, and 
there was no winking when the hand was moved immediately 
before his eyes, the pupils of which were dilated. The pulse 
was scarcely perceptible, but much quickened. On being moved 
backward from the manger, he fell, but immediately scrambled 
up again, and stood staggering and balancing himself. The re¬ 
spiration was laborious, the Schneiderian membrane intensely 
red, and a frothy fluid dropped from the mouth. He was bled 
until he began to blow, and a dose of physic was administered. 
Consciousness was partly restored, but he still persisted in leaning 
against the manger, and refused all food. A servant was desired 
to sit up with him, but he deserted his post, and the horse was 
found dead early on the following morning. 
Post-mortem Examination .—There was not the slightest trace 
of inflammation in any part of the brain, bat the lateral ventri¬ 
cles were filled with a yellow serous fluid, to the amount of at 
least six ounces, and in which the plexus choroides seemed to 
be raised from their beds and to swim. The arch of the fornix 
was evidently elevated, making, as it were, one continuous ven¬ 
tricle of the two; and the fourth ventricle was fully as much 
distended as the lateral ones. The lungs were congested with 
blood, and traces of inflammation appeared through the w 7 hole of 
the intestinal canal. 
Here are enlarged plexus choroides, which were found in the 
brain of another horse that came into my hands for the purposes 
of dissection. Of the history of the disease I know nothing. 
