THE 
VETERINARIAN. 
VOL. Vll, No. 80.] AUGUST, 1834. [New Series, No. 20. 
MR. YOU ATT 9 S VETERINARY LECTURES, 
DELIVERED AT THE UNIVERSITY OF LONDON. 
LECTURE XLII (continued). 
The Eleventh or Spinal Accessory Nerve , and the Twelfth or 
Phrenic IServe. 
THERE is another nerve, not intermingling with the glosso- 
pharyngetfs or the cerebro-visceral, which, within the cranium, 
is included in the same sheath with the latter, and passes 
with it through the foramen lacerum. The origin -of this nerve 
is very singular. As low down as the fifth cervical nerve we 
observe some minute threads: they are smaller than the fibriculi 
which go to form any of the other spinal motor nerves; and they 
arise evidently from the centre of the lateral column. They 
unite and they make a larger thread, which takes a direction up 
the neck. It passes between the motor and sensitive roots of 
the nerves above it—lying under, or penetrating through the liga- 
mentum denticulatum ; and as it climbs, it is augmented by fresh 
threads. It arrives at the foramen magnum—it enters it—it con¬ 
tinues to climb until it has reached the ninth and tenth nerves, 
and then it turns round and escapes again from the cranium, as 
I have described, through the same foramen with them. It has 
scarcely quitted the cranium when it separates from these nerves, 
and, after that, its own trunk divides. Although separated from 
the sheath of the cerebro-visceral, it sends a branch to unite with 
the main trunk of that nerve, and also with the glosso-pharyngeus; 
it sends many branches to blend with the guttural plexus, and 
thus to form an anastomosis with all the neighbouring nerves : a 
large and main branch, proceeding anteriorly, reaches the sterno- 
maxillaris, and afterwards buries and loses itself in that muscle; 
another large division winds round the transverse process of the 
atlas, proceeds between the levator humeri and the splenius, and, 
becoming superficial, reaches so far as the top of the shoulder, 
VOL, VII. 3 G 
