456 
GLANDERS. 
hoof less necessary; the muddy ways and miriness of the ground's 
surface in the north of Europe, I suppose, first caused and con¬ 
firmed the practice, Hannibal's cavalry, which were principally 
Numidian, lost all their hoofs in the miry and embarrassing 
march through the marshy ground between Trebia and Fesulse. 
The horses of the ancients had no saddles # , no stirrups, and the 
Numidian horses had even no bridles ; but their armour and their 
trappings must have compensated for these deficiencies by its 
extraordinary splendour.— Tennant's Shreds of Antiquity. 
Hereditary Glanders, and the various Causes 
of that Disease. 
By M. Lautour. 
A mare that had been glandered four or five months pro¬ 
duced a male foal on the 27th of April, 1831. From the mo¬ 
ment that it was dropped, two indurated glands, not adherent, 
were observed on the internal face of the inferior maxillary bones, 
and a yellow fluid was discharged from the right nostril. Ten 
days afterwards small ulcers were perceived on the nasal mem¬ 
brane on the same side. The animal was suckled by its mother, 
and, with these exceptions, appeared to be in perfect health. 
During two months it continued in the same state ; but in the 
third and fourth month, the breathing through the right nostril 
could be distinctly heard, and became louder after exercise. 
The appetite and spirits, however, were not diminished. 
The mare was killed in October, and the colt in the following 
December. The following is an account of the appearances after 
death. 
The lymphatic ganglions of the mesentery had degenerated 
into tubercles, the size of which was somewhat various. Some 
portions of the mesentery participated in the same disorganiza¬ 
tion. The abdominal cavity contained four or five pints of 
yellow serous fluid. Every thing announced a sub-inflammatory 
state; but the redness of intense inflammation was nowhere seen. 
The bronchial ganglions presented some indurations; but not 
to so great a degree as in the abdominal cavity : with this ex¬ 
ception, the thoracic viscera were sound. 
The left nasal cavity presented nothing particular; but on the 
right side, the frontal and maxillary sinuses were the seat of 
extensive ulceration : the turbinated bones were almost destroyed ; 
their bony structure was softened and denuded, and the mucous 
* Yet I find saddles mentioned in our translation of the Bible, Levi¬ 
ticus xv, 9; and in Nuin. xxii, 21, Balaam saddled his ass. 
