II 
if [ 35 ] 
As in the buffalo’s worm, so in this one also the different stages of the 
ova may be traced as one proceeds from the distal end of the o\ary, through 
the narrow ovarian tubes to the uterus. From single cells one comes to 
simple cells showing nuclear division, and past this to the same with their 
capsules thickened. Next, rudiments of the future embryos are encountered 
until, near the single uterine tube, one finally meets with the free embryos 
which have broken from their capsules and are wriggling about in an 
active manner. . 
Finally these free embryos escape from the body through the genital 
pore. 
I 
Transverse Section of Female W orm. 
When the worm is cut transversely in situ in the wall of the bullock s 
aorta it is seen to invade principally the outer part of the middle coat. 
Here one notices that it is cut in many places, each being enclosed in a bed 
of fibrous tissue without, however, any special defining layer. 
The worm is much shrunken up and distorted, but this is due to the 
effect of alcohol, etc. 
Outside is the cuticle, whilst next to it lies the two muscular layers— 
circular and longitudinal. Both, especially the latter, are poorly developed. 
Attached by loose tissue to this body wall is the alimentary canal also 
much flattened and distorted by the distended tubes of the ovary, which, as 
1 have said above, are two in number. The structure of these tubes, as 
they are traced from the true ovary downwards (t.e., mouthwards) is inter¬ 
esting. At the upper end is the somewhat thick muscular wall lined by a 
rather dense irregularly projecting epithelium {see figure). . _ 
The ova when mature are, as it were, budded oft this epithelial lining, 
retaining of course half the nuclei, and appear as clusters of two or more 
oval cells at places. That part of the epithelium from which the ova have 
been detached is shorter than the rest, and hence the peculiar zig-zag 
arrangement of the cells. Low r er down the ovarian tube changes some¬ 
what in character, the muscular wall being now thicker and the epithelium 
more even. Groups of ova may also be seen in the lumen. 
Lastly, when fertilization takes place, these ova undergo the usual 
changes, so that embryos in all their various stages may be met with in the 
tw r o uterine tubes, still enclosed in their respective capsules. By the time 
they reach the single uterine canal, the capsules will have been left behind, 
and we encounter the active wriggling embryos finding their way out of the 
body through the small genital opening. 
No other special structures could be distinguished in a transverse 
section. 
* 
The Male Worm. 
The male worm is found in less than half the tumours dissected and 
hence is rarer than the corresponding one in the buffalo. Besides that, it 
is also harder to dissect out, being smaller and more firmly adherent to the 
tissues in which it is hidden. . 
This w T orm is a white thread-like structure, and when found is seen to 
be closely w’ound up with the female of the same tumour. Its white 
