[ 6 ] 
is exceptional but does occur. The gall-bladder is not affected. The 
trachea and oesophagus may or may not be injected. Some enlargement 
of the mesenteric glands is common. In cases where death occurs late, 
say g to io days, fatty degeneration of the liver may be found. 
The course of the disease in the Tali bullocks resembles that in the 
Malay buffalo, but the animal is excited rather than depressed. The post¬ 
mortem lesions are less marked. 
Indian Buffalo.— Though large numbers of Indian buffaloes, about 400, 
were present in infected districts and even in contact with infected bullocks 
only 15 adults in all were attacked during the epidemic, and of these all but 
one recovered though for the first 3 days the symptoms of disease do not 
differ much from those observed in the other cattle. After this the disease 
seemed to abort and the animals rapidly recovered. Of some 10 Malay 
buffaloes in the same district 4 were attacked and all died. 
Calves, however, do not show the same degree of immunity and a larger 
number, 25, were known to be attacked. 
An outbreak also occurred in the quarantine shed at Port Swettenham 
amongst a cargo of 24 Indian buffalo calves, and all were attacked. The 
mortality was not high, out of the 25 attacked in the Selangor outbreak 
12 died, or 48 per cent, and at Port Swettenham 4 died, or 16.6 per cent. 
The post-mortem appearances showed changes similar to those in the 
cattle. 
Skin lesions are by some considered to be of diagnostic importance. 
The discharges from the eyes and rectum frequently cause excoriation. 
The skin and hair lose their gloss and the coat “stares.” A papular 
eruption is not uncommon but also occurs in healthy cattle. 
A herpetic eruption in the mouth is described. Personally I have 
not seen this, but occasionally the excoriation beneath the branny exudation 
on the inner aspect of the lips is arranged in points which may be remnants 
of ruptured vesicles. 
In buffaloes there is often an intensification of the redness natural 
on the inner aspect of the thighs and near the genitalia. This redness is 
not only more intense but deeper in colour, and in the last stages exudations 
may occur. The natives, I find, attach great importance to this change 
in colour for diagnostic purposes, and so do some Europeans of experience. 
I did not consider the change which does occur to be sufficiently marked 
to be of much value. 
As regards the diagnosis of the disease in isolated cases or at the 
commencement of an outbreak this may be difficult. In many of its clinical 
aspects there is a suspiciously close resemblance to some of the outbreaks 
described as Hamorrhagic Septicamia , and as the local swellings which are a 
feature of that disease may not be present the absence of such swellings is 
no proof that the disease is not Hcemorrhagic Septicamia. 
In Hcemorrhagic Septicamia , however, a characteristic organism is found 
in the blood, glands, etc. In the outbreaks here considered numerous 
animals either killed in various stages of the disease or immediately after 
natural death from the disease were examined. In none of these were these 
organisms found in any of the tissues or fluids of the body, and inoculation 
of various media with these fluids, with scrapings from the glands, liver, 
spleen, etc., were barren, with the exception of a rare contamination from 
skin or air organisms. , 
