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imported cattle at Kwala Selangor and Kwala Lumpur respectively, and to 
these two importations the two epidemics, the outbreaks at Kwala Selangor, 
Kwala Lumpur, and their environs, were directly referable. 
1 he other outbreak, August, 1903, occurred in various small stations 
along the Seremban Road, the main road from Negri Sembilan to Kwala 
Lumpur, and was probably due to the importation of mildly diseased cattle 
via the unprotected port of Negri Sembilan, Port Dickson. 
hach time the disease was discovered at Port Swettenham the cases 
were detained at the Quarantine Station, and though it spread to other 
animals in that station there was no extension of the disease outside. 
On the two occasions in which the disease was not detected at Port 
Swettenham it spread more widely, and cattle and buffaloes long resident in 
or native to the country were in time attacked. Owing to the energetic 
measures adopted by the Government Veterinary Surgeon, though the loss 
was heavy, the epidemics were localised and did not involve any extensive 
area. 
1 he outbreak along the Seremban road was fortunately through a 
country where cattle and buffaloes were not numerous. There were three 
separate places infected when the outbreak was discovered at the 8th, 12th 
and 21 st miles respectively. The roads were closed, the cattle isolated and 
some of the diseased shot and this epidemic was soon stamped out with a 
loss of 7 buffaloes and 7 bullocks. 
It will be seen from the detailed account of some of the outbreaks not 
only that the disease is imported but that the local spread from any focus 
is due to direct spread by cattle and to causes preventible in the sense that 
human care and intelligence with moderate expenditure of money can 
prevent them. 
It is not pandemic, nor widely diffused in earth, air or water. Each 
case can be traced to a preceding case and a probable means of transfer 
pointed out and often proved. 
History of the first Port Swettenham Outbreak .—A cargo of 30 Siamese 
buffaloes arrived at Port Swettenham on November 6th, 1903, by S.S. 
“Pulau Rimau ” The buffaloes had been for 20 days at Province Wellesley. 
I hey were placed in the quarantine sheds and one died on November 10th. 
On the nth two were found to be suffering from Rinderpest and were 
shot. On the 13th, 15th, 16th and 17th, there were respectively 4, 1, 6 and 
3 cases, and the remainder were attacked by the 19th. 
Others who had not shown any sign of disease had been killed for 
meat before this date. 
In the Quarantine Station there were in other sheds 30 Siamese 
bullocks. None of these were attacked till No\ ember 22nd, 12 days after the 
first death and probably 16 days after the first infection of the station, a 
period to be noted as more than twice the period of incubation for these 
animals for this disease and, therefore, indicating that during at least half 
this period, over a week, there was no spread of infection to animals 
in adjoining sheds some 30 feet away from the shed in which the infected 
buffaloes were kept. 
Between 22nd and 24th of November all these bullocks were attacked, 
proving a common source of infection between November 16th and 19th. 
The probable source of this general infection was not difficult to trace as 
during this period there were high tides and a faulty self-acting valve 
allowed the water in the drains to be backed up into the station and so 
