J. D. E. Holmes 75 
The same authors failed to cure horses suffering from surra by the atoxyl 
orpiment treatment. 
Martin, Leboeuf and Ringenbach (1909) conclude from their experi¬ 
ence of the treatment of human trypanosomiasis that the association of 
atoxyl and tartar emetic is the most effective of any which they have 
tried. 
Broden and Rodhain (1909) agree that the results of the combined 
use of atoxyl and tartar emetic are much better than those obtained 
with either drug alone. 
Moore, Breinl and Nierenstein (1907) assert the superiority of the 
association of atoxyl and a mercurial salt. 
Loeffler and Ruehs (1908) advise the use of atoxyl with their 
arsenious acid solution. 
Friedberger (1908) used atoxyl and thioglycollic acid with good 
results. 
Mesnil, Nicolle and Aubert (1907) have tried atoxyl in association 
with a benzidine colour. Cures were obtained. 
In the experiments which are dealt with in detail in another part of 
this paper, we have tested the value of atoxyl, arsenious acid, soamin, 
mercury and antimony salts alone, and in various combinations as 
curative agents in the treatment of surra in hoi’ses. 
In the majority of the cases recorded, treatment was not commenced 
till the disease had become well established and at the period of the 
second paroxysm. The animals used for these experiments were worn 
out or lame pack ponies and a few aged army cast horses. Many of the 
ponies obtained for this purpose were in such poor condition that they 
succumbed to the disease in two to three weeks after inoculation and 
before treatment was commenced. The cast horses were in good condition 
and with them treatment has been most successful. 
In all cases, where relapses occurred after treatment, the trypano¬ 
somes appeared in the circulation within a period of six weeks after the 
treatment had been discontinued. All the cases which are recorded in 
this paper have been under observation for periods varying from three 
to fourteen months after cessation of treatment. None have shown a 
relapse. All have been, therefore, classed as “ recoveries.” 
The results of these experiments briefly summarised are as follows: 
Atoxyl. The administration of atoxyl by the mouth failed to clear 
the circulation of parasites. After a subcutaneous injection trypanosomes 
disappeared from the blood in from six to eight hours. An intravenous 
injection acts more slowly than a subcutaneous one. 
