Gr. H. F. Nuttall and C. Strickland 
305 
the reason, already stated, that they represent the only scientific experi¬ 
ments bearing' on the subject 1 . It will be noted that he extracted the 
anticoagulin from the tick as a whole and made no attempt to determine 
in which organs of the tick the antibody was present. 
Methods. 
The experiments here detailed were made with A. persicus obtained 
from South Africa through the courtesy of Mr C. P. Lounsbury, 
Government Entomologist, Cape Colony. 
The salivary glands of the ticks were isolated by dissection under 
the microscope, they were rinsed off in ’8 °/ 0 salt solution to remove 
extraneous impurities, and were then crushed between two clean slides 
in a minimal quantity of fluid. By raising the edge of one of the 
slides, the fluid gathered near one edge and practically the whole 
amount was then allowed to flow into a capillary tube. The tube 
was calibrated so as to measure about ’02 c.c. of fluid. When the 
gland emulsion had flowed in up to the mark, it was followed up by 
an equal quantity of blood taken as it flowed from a needle prick on the 
experimenter’s finger. The gland emulsion and blood were then mixed 
up by alternately blowing out the fluid into a clean watchglass and then 
drawing it up into the capillary. The mixture was then drawn up into 
a clean capillary and allowed to stand for varying periods before it was 
examined. The examination consisted in blowing out the capillaries at 
stated periods to determine if coagulation had taken place or not. Control 
tubes were prepared in which an equal volume of salt solution and 
blood were mixed; in every case coagulation took place within a few 
minutes (7—8') in the controls. Several preliminary experiments 
showed that salivary gland emulsions exerted a marked anticoagulating 
action. We record the following : 
Experiments with Salivary Gland Emulsion and human blood. 
Experiment I. One gland of A. persicus ( $ , 6 mm. long) was emulsi¬ 
fied in - 02 c.c. of salt solution and mixed with - 02 c.c. of blood. Result: 
Coagulation delayed for 30 minutes. 
Experiment II. The glands of 4 A. persicus ($, average length 
7 mm.) were emulsified in ’05 c.c. of salt solution. The emulsion was 
1 We have been unable to consult the paper by Mosso (1899), but believe it contains 
only a report on Sabbatani’s experiments. Griitzner (1902) published a note with a 
suggestive title, but no contents either worth noting or original. 
