Gr. A. Turner 
217 
While suffering from an attack of the disease natives in Portuguese 
Territory abstain from eating Cashew apple (Anacardium occidental) 
and from drinking wine or spirit manufactured from it. As stated 
previously, some natives attribute the disease itself to the drinking of 
manioca spirit. 
Ktichenmeister’s Manual suggests the use of onions and garlic in 
the treatment of the disease. Griesinger prescribed a mixture of 
calomel and turpentine. 
Methylene blue has a reputation in some parts. Liquid extract of 
male-fern in 10 m. doses, twice daily, has its advocates. Santonin, 
quinine, cubebs, sandalwood oil, benzoic acid, have all been recom¬ 
mended. 
Personally I have obtained the best results in the treatment of 
Bilharziosis affecting the bladder by the use of urotropine, 5 gr. doses 
night and morning, in half a pint of water, with rest in bed. Should 
the haemorrhage become severe I use adrenalin. With this treatment 
I have always been able to quiet the symptoms, but I am inclined to 
think that I have been singularly fortunate in the class of patient with 
which I have had to deal. 
As regards the treatment of the intestinal disease, I have to admit 
that I know of no drug which has the slightest influence on it. I have 
used infusion of monsonia the most frequently, after that magnesium 
sulphate, opium, astringent remedies and other drugs. I may almost 
say that I have worked steadily and conscientiously through the British 
Pharmacopoeia without any satisfactory result. 
Prognosis. 
This varies according to the system of the body which is infected. 
If it is purely an uncomplicated case of terminal spined ova affecting 
the bladder of a male, the consequences are not as a rule very serious 
in South Africa. If, on the other hand, the disease has obtained a firm 
hold of the mucous membrane of the large intestine, I consider the 
prognosis of the case a grave one. 
