258 
Cultivation of Piroplasma 
outside of a transparent circle about the size or a little larger than the 
platelet. Those outside looked as if they had crawled out of a thin 
envelope. As to their significance, I can only say that they apparently 
were not degeneration forms, inasmuch as they were still active in their 
amoeboid movements. The more typically flagellate forms, those with 
a single flagellum, are perhaps of still more importance, because they so 
perfectly simulate real flagellates. Although they are found immediately 
after the introduction of the blood into sodium citrate solution, the 
£ flagellum ’ is generally quite rigid except at the very end, where it 
can be seen to vibrate. Notwithstanding this rigidity, they seem to 
move about, roll over, and swing round, these movements probably 
being the result of the vibrations at the tip of the flagellum. The 
most motile forms were found in a culture of human blood kept for the 
first six hours in an ice chest and after that at room temperature for 
50 hours. Round or pear-shaped individuals with a flagellum measuring 
in some cases as much as 20 g were found in abundance. In the pear- 
shaped forms the flagellum is at the pointed end. It was very slender, 
in most cases appearing and moving very much like the flagellum of 
Euglena, often with lashings violent enough to move the red corpuscles 
on coming in contact with them. Instead of being smooth, in some 
instances the flagella had thickened, knotted portions, which bear a 
close resemblance to Kinoshita’s description and drawings of the flagel¬ 
lates which he found. It is important to note that he found the best 
developed flagellate with a flagellum 15 g long in sodium citrate 
culture. 
The various forms are often found grouped together in couplets> 
triplets, or in masses composed of as many as a hundred individuals. 
In this condition they retain their individual motion, rolling over and 
turning about. I have seen these masses stained with iron haema- 
toxylin so that they had the exact appearance of Kleine’s photograph.” 
Swingle says that he found such masses in the stomach contents of 
sheep ticks fed on sheep’s blood. “ To eliminate the possibility of con¬ 
fusing the platelets with the herpetomonadine flagellates, which are 
generally present in adult ticks, they were studied in young ticks before 
the latter had become infected.” 
“ Flagellation of blood-platelets is not limited to sodium citrate 
culture, but may take place in other media.” 
“ In stained preparations one often finds a most striking, yet doubt¬ 
less merely coincident, resemblance in nuclear conditions to trypano¬ 
some forms. While nuclear dimorphism is not by any means to be 
