part 2 .] Wynne : Geology of neighbourhood of Mari TIitt Station, Punjab. 
73 
yellowish gray colour, and overlying some gray limestone occupying an arch in the beds. No 
fossils were found here, so that the position of the shales is doubtful. Debris then conceals 
the rock for a few paces, protruding from which are some black rusty and gray pisolitic 
shales. 
Nummulitic. 
Belemnites. 
Just beyond the last named beds, nearly vertical nummulitio limestone and shales occur, 
the former having sometimes black filmy carbonaceous 
patches. These beds continue for 500 yards crossing the 
road with high northerly dips when not visibly curved. They contain pretty generally dis¬ 
tributed— Sotalinai, little spines, small Nummulites, Corals, and Orb itoides ? 
Near the upper end of this exposure of nummulitic limestone superficial debris occurs 
again, allowing, however, some thick, bedded oolitic limestone 
to appear, in contact with which some brownish gray shales 
highly inclined to the northward contain numbers of canaliculate slender Belemnites. From 
the arrangement of the rocks here, it is probable that the mass of nummulitic limestone is 
included between faults on each side. Close to this place, but further up the hill, are dark 
thin-bedded limestones succeeded by calcareous sandstone, over which is a thick mass of shales, 
in parts very black and concretionary, resembling the Spiti shale of Dr. Waagen’s paper, 
except that no trace of fossils could be discovered in them. They are overlaid by a few feet of 
the dark rusty Gieumal sandstone, and are cut off by a fault from about 150 feet of blackish 
and gray flaggy impure limestone, with carbonaceous films and shaly layers, dipping to the 
west by north at 70°. These beds contain a group 10 to 12 feet thick, in which shale frag¬ 
ments are closely compacted together. They are possibly of jurassic age. The upper portion 
of these limestones is very earthy and flaggy, and just at a spring beside the road, they are 
separated by a band of very black sulphurous shale, from 
nummulitic limestones inclined as before at steep angles to 
the northward of west. At 9 feet upwards in these nummulitio beds anothor black shale 
band, about 3 feet 6 inches thick, occurs, but less pyriteous than the lower one which may 
mark the base of the group. Between the spring mentioned 
(used as watering place for the Khairagali mules) and 
Changligali, the shales and limestones of the hill nummulitic group only are to be seen ; they 
present much contortion as nsual, and contain in the way of fossils small HotalintB and 
little Corals of different kinds, as well as a large Gastropod in bad preservation. 
Nummulitic. 
Changligali. 
From Changligali onwards by this road to Dungagali the nummulitic rocks predomi¬ 
nate, but there are masses of unfossiliferous limestone believed to be triassic, and in two 
places nearer than Darwaza-kuss, the jurassic beds of sandstone, limestone, and “ Spiti shale” 
are seen, the largest exposure of them being for several yards on each side of the 16th mile 
slab at a place called Kondragali. 
Here the Spiti shales contain Ammonites and Inoceramus, Belemnites, Pectens, &c., 
and apparently uncanaliculate Belemnite casts with casts of Bivalves (perhaps Trigonice) 
occur in sandy beds nearer to a Mule dak chowki. Besides these there are distributed 
through the rocks hereabout obscure shells, bands of corals and beds largely made up of shell 
fragments in the limestones. 
Nummulitic rocks recur in force for a mile south of Dungagali, again on top of Murchpuri 
Dungagali mountain, and all along the road from Dungagali to Kalabag, 
about half a mile beyond which place, these rocks are seen 
almost in junction with the Attock slates, stretching from Mianjani mountain, (the highest 
in this country, attaining nearly 10,000 feet) away towards the south-west. 
Down in the bottom of the khud between Dungagali and Kalabag, and also isolated at 
a much higher level under the last named post, there are some peculiar red beds the relations 
