part 3 .] Hughes: Materials for iron manufacture, Raniganj Coal-field. 123 
Phosphorus .—An abstract of the phosphorus contained in these samples shows that 
the minimum quantity is '23 per cent., while the maximum is T12 per cent.:— 
Bagunia 
•23 
•31 
Boldih 
Chalbalpur 
Kulti 
•62 
•89 
*95 
Sibpur 
Malakol# 
1-04 
1*12 
These results indicate that much of the ironstone might be employed for the production 
of iron, but that some of them are bad. 
It is possible that the quality of certain beds may be regular or nearly so, in respect to 
the amount of phosphorus they contain, and that by selection we may avoid the use of such 
bands as may be unsuitable. This feature must be determined before a final opinion can be 
expressed on the value of the ironstones. 
Proportion of iron .—The proportion of iron is much larger than that contained in the 
bulk of ores employed in England; and some specimens are much richer than is indicated 
by the foregoing analyses.* 
Kunkur .—These samples were examined by Mr. Tween, showing the amount of oxide 
of iron, alumina, insoluble residue, water and organic matter contained in them. The mini¬ 
mum quantity of carbonate of lime is 54 per cent.— 
Barmdri, 
Ramnagar. 
Sanktoria. 
Insoluble 
40-6 
30 4 
27-2 
(Silica) 
(328) 
(23’0) 
(19‘4) 
Oxide of iron and alumina 
27 
1-9 
2*0 
Carbonate of lime... 
54*0 
65*4 
66*3 
Water and organic matter 
27 
2*3 
4*5 
Other samples of kunkur from the above localities gave of carbonate of lime— 
Barmurt ... ... ... ... 61’1 per cent. 
Kiimnagar ... ... ... ... ... w . 98 # 
S^nktoria ... ... ... 66*12 
The finest specimens were since furnished by Mr. Hynd, of Basera. They contained as 
much as 79 5 per cent. A few analyses (in subjoined table) placed at my disposal by 
Mr. Dejoux show a range from 56’94 to 78’50 per cent, of carbonate of lime, giving an average 
result for the entire series of analyses of about 65 per cent. With this proportion of car¬ 
bonate of lime, kunkur will be quite capable of acting as an efficient flux. 
Raniganj. 
Raniganj. 
Raniganj. 
Barr4kar. 
Bhiokund. 
Carbonate of lime 
720 
56-94 
66-50 
66*20 
78*50 
Carbonate ot magnesia 
1*30 
172 
•20 
1*50 
2*00 
Oxide of iron 
70 
1*67 
3-20 
2*80 
2*00 
Clay 
220 
30*0 
27-60 
22*00 
10*50 
Sand (free) 
2*0 
9-67 
2-50 
7*50 
7*00 
Total 
100*00 
ioo-oo 
ioo-oo 
100*00 
ioo-oo 
¥ A sample from the Madapftr properly of the Raniganj Coal Association yielded as much as 52'45 per cent, of 
iron, and lateritc from the same locality gave 25‘38 per cent., which is above the average for that form of ore. 
