?AKT 4.] 
Ball: Coal in the Bum Balkan Hills. 
155 
It was at tliis locality that the appearances seemed to justify the hope that coal in work¬ 
able quantity would he found. The following is the section of rocks exposed in this range 
in ascending order :— 
Blue and green clay shales. 
Sandstones with fossils of Turritella. 
Shales. 
Coal, good, averaging 9 inches in thickness, strike N.-E. S.-W.; dip 3C° S.-E. 
Shales with strings of coal. 
Oyster bed. 
Sandstone with badly preserved fossils. 
Green shales. 
Sandstones. 
Bed clay shales. 
Limestones about 400 feet thick to the crest: below the crest, on the eastern slope, 
about 300 feet more seen. 
The same section appeared to be pretty constant along the hill side for a considerable 
distance, the coal continuing for upwards of a mile at least. As to the character of the coal 
I shall again speak further on. 
The next and last section in which traces of coal were found to occur is in a pass at the 
south-west end of the Ivarvada range and which leads into the Hinki valley ; here some thin 
layers of papery coal were observed in the bluish green shales, which at this spot are much 
disturbed, dipping from 70° (to south-south-east and south) up to the vertical; further on, 
their edges are brought in contact with the limestones by a sloping fault. 
Between Hinki and Pasta Mara the lower rocks occasionally crop out under the broken 
crests of the anticlinal rolls of the limestones. Beyond Pasta Mara again these rocks appear, 
as has also already been mentioned, and finally rise to form the Jhandran range. The route 
between these places crosses through one short gorge not 300 yards long, which is cut at 
right angles through an anticlinal roll of dense calcareous sandstones, probably the same as 
some seen on the main axis near Chuti Mari. A sudden bend to the east carries these 
beds under the limestones of the Barkan valley. 
Fossils .—The evidence afforded by the fossils which I was able to collect as to the 
age of these rocks is unfortunately somewhat meagre. 
I found no trace of any cephalopods whatever, and some could hardly fail to exist if the 
rocks are either cretaceous or jurassic. 
Both Dr. Verehere and Captain Vieary described somewhat similar rocks; the former 
in the north of the Sulimans, and the latter in the south. It hardly comes within the range 
of this account however, as I have already said, to attempt to closely correlate these rocks 
with others observed elsewhere. 
The following is a list of the fossils which for the most part have only as yet been 
generically determined:— 
Pelecypoda. 
Ostrea multicosta, Desh. 
O. Flemingi, d’Arch. 
0. callifera, Lam. ? 
