[VOL. X. 
210 Records of the Geological Survey of India. 
Dip a little to east of north-north-east. The rocks were at first earth-coloured mica-sehists of 
the ordinary Infra-Krol type, and latterly they passed into a dark bluish carbonaceous slaty 
schist with a very dark streak. The road now mounted obliquely the eastern side of the 
spur, running down from the Kanehn peak towards Chepal: and a g'ood way up it, I came 
on a conglomerate strangely like the typical Blaini rock. Further on near bartara (not 
marked on map) I came on limestone reminding me of the Blaini rock. Having crossed 
the spur, I descended along its western side towards the Simla and Mussurie road, which 
the path I followed struck between Chepal and Kadi. About two-thirds of the way down 
to the stream, I came on numerous large boulders of undoubted Blaini conglomerate. I 
climbed the hill in search of the outcrop, and though I could not find the conglomerate in 
situ, I came upon a limestone answering to the Blaini. It is pink and of a pale bluish- 
grey. Like the typical Blaini* it is a magnesian limestone, the pink variety containing 
346 and the grey 283 per cent, of carbonate of magnesia. 
The next day I searched up the bed of the river for a good exposure of the Blaini 
rocks, and was fortunate in finding one on the east bank of the stream just opposite wheie 
the descent from Chepal terminates, and the Simla and Mussurie road strikes the west 
bank of the river. I found the conglomerate resting on slates (Simla slates) with a pale 
grey streak. Besting directly on the conglomerate was a blue tliiu-bedded limestorre fiom 
20 to 30 feet thick; whilst on the latter rested the black Infra-Krol slates with a black 
streak. The conglomerate here is remarkable for the partial metamorphism it has under¬ 
gone. The matrix, more of a schist than a slate, is internally of a light grey colour, but it 
weathers to a dark bluish-grey. The boulders of what would in the Simla section be the 
slaty grit are here a quartzite, of variorrs sizes and shapes, ranging in colour from white 
to pink and to a dark grey. The conglomerate is (lowered over with white quartz-veins, 
which occasionally penetrate the contained boulders as well as the matrix. I have noticed 
instances of this in the Simla section. 
From a careful study of the outcrop exposed in the bank of the river, I think it is 
beyond all reasonable doubt that the rocks there seen are the Blaini rocks. Tlie limestone 
and conglomerate seen on the previous day on the eastern side of the spur being in the line 
of strike with the rocks exposed in the river and on the western side of the spur, must also 
be the Blaini rocks. The limestone crops out on the west bank of the river, and may be 
traced up to the Simla and Mussurie road. Beyond this I had not time to trace it. I dare 
say it runs a short way up the valley of the river which (vide map) flows down from the 
Chor past the southern base of the Chepal spur into the Shallu River. 
Before taking leave of this section, let us visit Chugna (Khagna) at the head of one of 
the branches of this river on the south-west side of the Chepal spur. It is at an elevation of 
6,900 feet, and is not less than 3,000 feet in vertical height above the outcrop of the Blaini 
rocks in the Shallu River just described. Serai (Seranfj, which is nearly south of Khagna, 
is 7,250 feet above the sea. The dip is flat between the two places, but at Khagna a 
low north dip sets in. On the Serai road, about 2 miles from Khagna, there is a band of 
dark-blue limestone of no great thickness which may be traced a long way towards Serai, 
ing 
* I aualysod two specimens selected at 
results:— 
No. 1. 
random from two typical exposures in 
the Blaini River with thej follow 
No. 2. 
Silica 
Iron 
Carbonate of lime 
Do. of magnesia ... 
8’6 Silica 
59 Iron 
49‘9 Carbonate of lime 
36'4 Do. of magnesia 
8-3 
5-4 
49-7 
35-8 
100-8 
+ Seran (silent n) is a demon who resides somewhere in the Chor. 
it Serai, and suppose that the word means a resting-place for travellers. 
99-2 
Our Mahomcdau Munshis always write 
