80 
Records of the Geological Surrey of India. 
[vgl. Yin. 
top of this little section that the coal seams occur, cutting very obliquely across the river 
bed. At every available point of the outcrop, along a length of some sixty yards, coal was 
cut on both sides of the river. The holes are now filled in, and little can be seen. There 
are two seams, the lower one apparently with a strong parting of shale. There did not 
seem to bo in either seam room for more than four to five feet of coal. The dip is 30°. At a 
short distance up stream the dip changes to north-east, and continues so up the next, nortli- 
souili, reach. I could not find that the seams are repeated on the reverse outcrop. 
There is thus here an oblique synclinal flexure, sloping towards the main fault, and the 
continuity of the coal at this spot is therefore closely limited. The place seems, on the 
whole, very unpropitious for mining operations. 
The Kotmi Beetion. 
The next north-westerly sweep takes the river for about half a mile across the main 
fault into most typical Talchir rocks, the massive fine clay with 
thin hands of dense, nearly black, limestone. Above this there are 
again Barakar beds, showing an east-west flat synclinal, south of which a very massive bed 
of sandstone rises to the next bend of the river. Beneath this rook, along the east-west 
reach, a band of flaggy sandstones aud coaly shales is very well exposed, and the same are 
traceable for some distance up the gully draining from across the fault to the west. All 
have a moderate northerly dip, and at the head of the island, at the southerly bend of the 
river, they are regularly underlaid by the fine Talchir sandstone. These flaggy measures 
may correspond with those already noticed twice on the Tawa. 
Hitherto we have only seen broken sections between the Barakars and the Talchirs. 
In the Macbna the sequence is quite continuous; and if the 
The Talchirs on the Machna. con j ec t u re regarding 1 the identity of the flaggy coal-measures 
here and at Dolari bo correct, the contrast between the underlying bods in the two 
sections is striking: at Dolari the Barakar type of sandstone prevails, while in the 
Machna, from below the flaggy coaly hods a mile north of Shapur, we meet only rocks of 
Talchir character. There is another feature in these beds on the Machna different from 
what is found to the west—the sandstones are in force down to a low horizon in the series, 
alternating with the boulder clay and even containing large erratic blocks itself. From 
the Machna the section was followed to the south boundary up the stream flowing near the 
high road. The moderate northerly dip is remarkably steady throughout, and unless there 
are repetitions by faulting the thickness would be over 2,000 feet. From the top of the 
section there are broad intervals between the successive crops of thick line sandstone. The 
clays which no doubt occur in these spaces being quite concealed, an important aid was 
missed in fixing a fair boundary for the groups; the presence of carbonaceous matter was 
thus also not ascertainable. I did not hit upon the clay with limestone which is peculiar to 
the Talchirs, though not confined to a particular horizon. The boundary I have given is 
certainly higher than that taken elsewhere. Locally it is the best marked line in the series, 
and for coal-searcliing purposes the most suitable. I had not time to work the question out 
more minutely. 
The Machna fault is quite as well marked as those In the Dolari area, and has nearly as 
great a throw. The upland to the north-west of it is almost 
entirely formed of Talchir clay, except the hills north-west and 
north of Shapur, which are mostly sandstone, perhaps partly Barakar. The Barakars occu¬ 
py the low ground along the river. The run of the fault is very steady; the bulge appear¬ 
ing in it on the map may he due to incorrect plotting of the river course. At both points 
where it cuts the Machna there is much confusion of the stratification, with infiltration of 
silica ; hat at the only point where I got a view of the actual plane of contact, the feature 
is very sharply defined. This occurs in a small gullj-, within fifty yards of the river at the 
The Machna Fault. 
