PART 4.] 
Ball: Raigarh and Hingir Coal-field . 
Ill 
The overlying bed of sandstone is seen lower down the river to break up into several 
smaller ones in consequence of the interpolation of carbonaceous shales; thus bearing out 
the view taken above of the bed seen near the mouth of the Katang. 
Further north from this I did not continue detailed examination, but fragments of coal 
are abundant from the higher reaches, and the Barakars extend at least as far north as the 
valley surrounding Kurmukel (sheet 59 a, old series). 
In the Katang stream, from Kassia to its junction with the Karket, there are carbona¬ 
ceous shales with sandstones, and the massive bed previously mentioned. Some fragments of 
coal were seen, but no exposed seam could be found. 
Throughout the country between the Karket and Pazar the rocks are much covered, and 
there is nothing of particular interest to be noticed. 
Pazae River Section. —At the junction of the Barakars and upper sandstones, where 
this river enters a gorge through the hills to the south-west of Kasdol, the former show signs 
of local disturbance, and the bed, which is a few feet from the junction, dips away from under 
the overlying horizontal sandstone in a manner which is suggestive of unconformity. There 
being no actual superposition, this section cannot perhaps be considered conclusive, and causes 
other than original unconformity may have produced the present appearance. Taken in 
conjunction, however, with other evidence of unconformity to be given further on, this section 
assumes some importance. A short distance up the stream there 
is 
a seam of which the 
following is a section:— 
Ft. 
Inc. 
Sandstone 
0 
6 
Shales ... 
7 
0 
Coal 
1 
5 
Black shale 
0 
5 
Coal 
1 
0 
Shales, portions coaly. 
For the remainder of this section up to Pondripani there are fine sandstones and car¬ 
bonaceous shales, the latter with occasional layers of coal, as at Putrapali (8") and at Pon¬ 
dripani (2"). There is much false bedding and interpolation in this section. In the Digi 
stream the section is similar. A seam of 6" of coal is exposed at Deogur. The Kelu river 
section up to Tamnar also exposes the same kind of rocks with no coal of workable thick¬ 
ness. 
The Kelu section beyond this up to Khara was described in my previous report. Resum¬ 
ing, therefore, at that place, we find that for nearly two miles hardly any rocks are seen, but 
beyond that there is a tolerably continuous section of sandstones and carbonaceous shales 
The first seam measures, descending, dip 5° south-west:— 
Ft. Inc. 
Coal ... ... ... ... 6 0 
Shales ... ... ... ... 3 6 
Coal ... ... ... ... 1 0 
The cbal is probably of rather inferior quality, but in its weathered and water-logged 
condition it is not possible to form a conclusive opinion. The next seam of any importance 
measures about 17'. The coal is in thin layers of less than a foot, alternating with shale, 
dip south-south-west. Beyond this there appear to be some other seams ; but they are not 
well exposed. North-west of Pelma two flat seams are exposed. Their thicknesses seem to 
be about 6' and 4' respectively. The coal may be of fair quality. These seams are also 
seen in the broken ground east of the river, where the thickness may he somewhat more. For 
three miles further I followed this section (into Sheet 52), the Barakars continuing steadily 
