PART 4.] 
Ball: Raigarh and Ilingir Coal-field. 
115 
found fossils most numerous as regards individuals was in the Garjan hill in Hingir. 
Here, too, the number of species was the greatest, hut it does not altogether exceed eight. 
The following is a preliminary list by Dr. Feistmantel:— 
Equisetaceas. 
Schizoneura ? = Damuda sp. 
» ? sp. 
Vertebraria Indica, Bunb. 
Filices. 
Glossopteris Indica, Scldmp. 
„ Browniana, Brogn. Yar. Australasica. 
„ Sp.? 
Pecopteris Sp. = Bunbury’s drawing. 
„ Lindleyana, Boyle. 
The specimens of Vertebraria were met with at Girundla, Kodaloi, and on the Bilpahari. 
The question of the correlation of these rocks with the groups elsewhere known in 
India is for the present reserved. 
These sandstones cover by far the largest part of the area included in the field. 
Throughout the central portion no other rocks are met with, and to the north-east and 
south-west, only narrow strips of the older rocks are disclosed at the boundaries, and that 
for comparatively short distances. In the northern part of Raigarh there is a consi¬ 
derable exposure of Barakars which is surrounded on all sides by these rocks, and so super¬ 
ficially separated from the Barakars of the Ebe valley on the east, and of the Mand on the 
west. 
The eastern boundaries of these sandstones follow an irregular outline, which is in 
general well marked, and is more or less coincident with the limits of the hilly plateau 
country of Hingir. Possibly there may be some small outliers within the limits of the area 
colored as Barakar, hut the often highly ferruginous characters of some of the pebbly beds 
presumably belonging to the latter, and the obscurity of the physical relations renders dis¬ 
crimination almost impossible. 
The group of hills of which Sitaram and Bilpahari are the culminating points is situa¬ 
ted at the northern extremity of the eastern boundary ; the rocks seen there are sandstones 
and red shales, the latter containing Vertebraria. Some of the sandstones are highly ferru¬ 
ginous, and contain layers and plates of hardened and dense character which weather out 
on the surface into relief, as is commonly seen in the Paehmari sandstones. 
At Girundla and Bindiehua the same rocks prevail; they are generally horizontal, but 
at one place in the Lillari, south of the latter village, some local disturbance has given rise 
to a southern dip. The Bindiehua G. T. hill station well illustrates the tendency of cer¬ 
tain beds of sandstone to weather into curious and grotesque shapes. 
The rocks about Onkilbira, Komghat, and Pikol are all of the same character and call 
for no particular notice. The same may be said of those forming the hills to the east and 
south of Lakenpur. 
Close to Borkhol, the Koilar river debouches from the hills ; it is the first of a series which, 
rising in the highlands of Hingir, pursue a steady south course to tho Mahanadi. As the 
rocks which they traverse, except near the boundary, are horizontal, the sections do not 
throw much light upon the general characters of the series. Ordinarily these rivers run 
in deeply cut channels in beds of coarse brown or red sandstones. These being water-bear- 
