116 
Records of the Geological Survey of India. 
[vol. VIII. 
ing strata feed the rivers all along their course, and the moist faces of exposed rock are the 
favorite growing place of a species of Drosera ; all these rivers are perennial, and their con¬ 
stant flow of water makes them contrast with the rivers of the gneiss and Talchir areas 
which soon dry up after the rains, leaving wide sandy channels. 
The general characters of the valley which extends along the boundary in a north- 
westernly direction from Borkhol have been described on a previous page. With the rocks 
which bound it on the north only have we to do at present. North of Jhargaon the road 
to Raini ascends over the scarp of red shales and sandstones; these are still better seen 
further west at Dibdorah, where there is a step in the Hingir river over which the waters 
fall, forming a most picturesque, and in the eyes of the natives sacred, cascade. Near the 
foot of this fall, as has already been mentioned, some pieces of carbonaceous shale were found, 
but none above. 
At Jogidhipa the physical features are somewhat modified, as there is no distinct ridge 
or scarp on the Barakar boundary, but the relative position to the main boundary of the 
field appears to continue the same. From this westwards the red clays cease to occur asso¬ 
ciated with the basal rocks of the upper sandstones. 
In the Kur or Chota Kelu, between Berapali* and Beramunda, there are brown and 
yellowish sandstones which sometimes contain pebbles, but there is no trace of the red clays. 
Their absence may be due to overlap of that portion of the series in which they occur; but 
I think more probably they were never deposited here. At Jamga* the Barakars are almost 
completely covered up by these upper rocks. 
In the Supnai section from a point east of Jhargura to Bhogra* there are coarse ferru¬ 
ginous sandstones which are at first slightly inclined to the south, but as the boundary is 
approached, they dip in the opposite direction, and the bottom beds, some of which seem to be 
Barakars, dip at an angle of 30° to north. 
In the Somkara and Bilaijor rivers to the east and west of Sambulpuri there are similar 
sections; in the latter the rocks close to the boundary dip away from it at as high an angle as 
45°. Close to Badpali there are some traces of a local bed of red clay. 
In the Kelu there is a long interval between coarse sandstones dipping at 20° north 
and the gneiss. Save for a small outcrop of Talohirs at the ghat there ia nothing to indicate 
the character of the intervening rocks. Further north, these sandstones fall to the horizontal 
and are deeply channelled by the river. I have on a previous page indicated the origin of 
the coal fragments which are seen in the bed of this river. 
At Donot, the edges of the upper sandstones form a distinct and prominent ridge close to 
and north of the village. 
In the vicinity of Cheraipani the Talchirs and Barakars are apparently finally overlapped 
by the sandstones on one side, and cut out by the fault on the other; at least no certain sign 
of them is met with further west. They may exist, however, at the bottom of the narrow 
alluvial valley which is bounded by on either side quartzites and sandstones. At Delari (or 
Derali) sandstones dip at 30° to north-east. Just north of the village the lowest bed may 
possibly be Barakar, but I think not. To the south-east of the village these sandstones are 
seen within 200 yards of the quartzites. 
From this westwards to the Kurket, and also to the north in the direction of Tumardi, 
the rocks which are exposed all belong to the upper series. 
Kubket Rivek Section. —At Rabo there is an interval of perhaps 300 yards between 
the gneiss and some beds of sandstone, which dip at an angle of 30° to 30° north-of-east. 
* These names, as previously mentioned, are all misplaced on the Atlas Sheet. 
