10 
Records of the Geological Survey of India . 
[vol. IX. 
name than to use exclusively terms derived from European Geology, which may subsequently 
have to be abandoned, or to adopt names from other areas in India the rocks of which 
have not been distinctly correlated with those of Sind. There is, for instance, but little 
reason to doubt that the Manchhar group of Sind represents generally the Sevalik and 
Nab an beds of the Punjab; but still there is a question as to whether it corresponds only 
to one of those groups, or whether both are represented.* * * § 
It should not be forgotten that Messrs. D’Arcbiac and Ilaime liad actually foretoldt 
from their examination of the fossils the division of the Sind Nummulitics into two groups, 
an upper division with Nummulites garansensis , and a lower with N- Ramondi , N 
Leymeriei , N. granulosa , N, exp mens, Alveolina ovoidea, &c., and they also correctly 
indicated the existence of a third sub-division without Nummulites. But here the clue 
afforded by the Foraminifera failed them, for there are beds without nummulites at the 
extreme base of the series, and others at the top, and it was, of course, impossible for them 
to tell from which part of the series their fossils had been derived, except so far as the 
alliance to European forms guided them. 
Subsequently it was shown by Professor Martin Duncan (Annals and Magazine, Natural 
History, Ser. 3rd, Volume XIII, p. 295), and by Mr. Jenkins (Quarterly Journal Geological 
Society, Lond., Vol. XX, p. 45), that many of the Sind fossils, and especially some corals which 
had not been described by Messrs. D’Archiac and Haime, were unmistakably of miocene age. 
The rocks of Captain Vicary’s classification,J to which allusion has so often been made 
in geological works, are the following, with their equivalents in the s} r stem now proposed:— 
1. 
2 . 
B. 
6 . 
7. 
8 . 
9. 
Groups of Captain Vicary. 
Groups now proposed. ‘ 
Conglomerate § ... 
Clays and sandstone 
Upper bone bed ... ... t .. 
Sandstone]; fossils rare 
Lower bono bed 
Coarse, arenaceous, calcareous rock with Cy there a exoleta, || 
and exarata, Spatangi: no Nummulites 
Pale arenaceous limestone with Hypponices, Nummulites, 
and Charoidece 
Nummulitic limestone of the Hala Range ... 
Black slates: thickness unknown 
I 
y Manchhar (Sevalik). 
J 
J-Gaj (Miocene). 
j-Nari (Upper Nummulitic). 
Khirthar, Lower Nummulitic. 
* Durintr the past recess season, owing to a number of other demands upon my time, it has been impossible 
for me to investigate the relations of the Sind tertiary fauna as I could have wished, whilst, owing to the sad events 
which have deprived the Survey of its two Palaeontologists successively, I have not had the advantage of aid from 
those better qualified than myself to determine palaeontological questions. Under these circumstances, Mr. Fedden 
undertook the examination of the fossils collected, with such aid as I could give him; and although I believe that 
most of the identifications mentioned in the subsequent pages are trustworthy, I do not venture to hope that they 
arc free from error. The Nchinodermata and Foraminifera were examined chiefly by myself, the Mollusca by 
Mr. Fedden. Time did not permit of the corals being examined. 
t Descr. An. Foss, du Groupe Num. de l’lnde, p. 359, 
X Quarterly Journal Geological Society, Volume III, p. 334. 
§ This is the coarse conglomerate at the top of the series. 
|| Captain Vicary’s fossil names have never been clearly identified. His Spatangi may have been JBreynia 
carinata, Echinolampas J acquemontii, ife, ; his Hypponices l have been unable to trace. It is just possible they may 
have been Lunuhtes, 
