16 Records of the Geological Survey of India. [vol. xi. 
on the Klienji Nai, the highest beds of the group are clays with gypsum, containing, 
besides Turritella angulata, the following fossils :— 
Corbula trigonalis. Tellina subdonacialis. 
Lucina (Diplodonta) incerta. Area Larkanensis. 
These beds may, very probably, be estuarine, for Area granosa, the living Indian repre¬ 
sentative oE Area Larkanensis, is one of the most typical of estuarine mollusks, and the 
Tellina, Corbula, and Diplodonta* all have allies living in estuaries. These supposed 
estuarine beds are quite conformable to the overlying Manchhar (Sevalik) group and appear 
to pass into it. 
The Gaj group, where best developed, as on the Gaj river, is at least one thousand feet 
thick. As a rule, throughout the Kliirthar range, it is conformable to the Upper Nummulitics, 
but west of the Manchhar Lake, near Tandra Eabim Khan, it rests unconformably upon all 
the older beds, for its outcrop extends in a nearly straight line across the Angai valley, 
which is formed by a synclinal of the Nari or Upper Nummulitic group. Further south, 
in the country south-west of Hula Khan’s Thana, the Gaj beds are nearly horizontal over 
a large area, whilst the nummulitic beds, both Khirthar and Nari, where they rise to the 
eastward from beneath the newer formation, exhibit much greater disturbance. In one 
spot near Bula Khan’s Thana Gaj beds were found resting directly on Lower Nummulitics. 
The following is a list of the principal fossils identified from the Gaj group. Foramini- 
fera are not very common, and hitherto in Sind, as has been already mentioned, no species 
of Nummuliles has been observed in these rocks: — 
Foraminifera. 
Operculina canalifera ? 
Fchinodermata. 
Ccelopleurus Forbesi, var. 
C. (sp. nov.P) 
Echinus Stracheyi ? 
Echinanthus profundus. 
E. lialaensis P var. 
E. sp. 
Ecliinodiscus sp. (near the recent E. auri 
tus, but with closed lunules). 
Eehinolampas Jacquemonti. 
E. splicroidalis ? 
Breynia carinata. 
Brissus (Meoma) sp. 
Maretia sp. (undistinguishable from the 
recent M. planulata). 
Schizaster sp. 
Lamellibrancliiata. 
( ? Kuphus) rectust (Serpula recta, Sow). 
Corbula trigonalis. 
Tellina (Macoma) subdonacialis. 
Lucina (Diplodonta) incerta. 
Astarte hyderabadensis. 
Venus gvanosa. 
V. cancellata. 
V. (Tapes) subvirgata. 
V. (Dosinia) pseudoargus (= 1). exaspe- 
rala, Chemnitz, recent). 
Cardium anomale. 
Area Larkhanaensis. 
A. Peethensis. 
A. Ivurrachiensis. 
Pectunculus pecten. 
Peeten corneus. 
P. Bouei. 
P. Favrei. 
Spondylus Tallavignesi. 
Ostrea multicostata. 
0. liyotis (recent). 
O. denticulata (ditto). 
* Mr. G. Nevill has done me the favour of comparing the Diplodonta and some other species, and I learn 
from him that a living species common in the Indian seas, which neither of us can distinguish from the fossil 
Diplodonta, is unnamed. I am not acquainted with the precise habitat of the living form, hut either the same 
or a closely allied species occurs with estuarine Mollusca at Bombay. The Tellina belongs to the subgenus 
Macoma, and is very close to T. (Macoma) my mfor mis, Sow., a common recent estuarine species. 
t A form undistinguishable from this is found also in the Khirthar group. In both cases the tube is certainly 
that of a mollusc, not of an annelid. 
