20 
Records of the Geological Survey of India. 
[vol. IX. 
The tertianes of Kachh, south-west of Sind, were described by Captain Grant in 1837, 
and have since been mapped and classified by Messrs. Wynne and Fedden (Mem. Geol. 
Surv. India, Yol. IX). The following groups 
against each its probable equivalent in Sind :— 
Kachh. 
F. Upper Tertiary. 
E. Argillaceous group. 
D. Arenaceous group. 
C. Nnmmulitic group. 
B. Gypseous shales. 
A. Sub-Nummulitie. S 
were distinguished by the latter. I place 
Sind. 
Manchhar or Sevalik. 
Gaj or Supra-Nummulitic. 
Nari or Upper Nummulitie. 
Khirthar or Lower Nummulitie. 
? Ranikot or Infra-Nummulitic. 
At the same time it is only just to state that these identifications are chiefly based upon 
fossil evidence contained in the detailed descriptions,* * * § and that this evidence does not always 
coincide with the distribution of organic remains found in Sind. For instance, Nnmmulites 
are said to have been found in the argillaceous group of Kachh,f whilst none have hitherto 
been met with in the corresponding Sind formation. Mr. Fedden tells me that it is probable 
that the mapping of portions of the Kachh tertianes, which are frequently very ill-exposed, 
may require alteration. Some of the identifications of fossils, too, were made with imperfect 
means of comparison. Unfortunately it is not specified in the Memoir which of the identi¬ 
fications are by Dr. Stoliczka, who compared most of the forms enumerated in the detailed 
descriptions. 
Of Kathiawad we only know as yet that a tertiary series is found, near the base of 
which Nummulitie limestone occurs. Above this Mr. Theobald, in his manuscript report, 
enumerates in ascending order (a) Venus granosa beds, which are probably, in part at least, 
the representatives of the Gaj group of Sind; (/3) Perini beds, approximately of Sevalik age, 
and, therefore, corresponding to the Manchhar group of Sind, and (y) Milliolite beds, which 
are, possibly, the equivalents of part of the Makran group, gnd are not, so far as we know, 
represented by marine beds in Sind at all. 
In Eastern Gujrat,J in the districts of Surat and Broach, the tertiary formations above 
the volcanic series of the Deccan traps are very ill-exposed. Near their base limestone is 
found with numerous fossils, Bevei'al of which are characteristic of the Sind Khirthar group 
(Eocene), whilst higher in the series sandstones, clays, and gravels with Balanus and other 
fossils occur. These may, possibly, represent the Gaj group of Sind. 
Turning northwards from Sind, the first place (with the exception of the hills north of 
the modern Jacobabad, briefly described by Captain Vicary) of which we have any definite 
information is the portion of the Sullman range, recently examined by Mr. Ball,§ west of 
Dera Ghazi Khan. Mr. Ball describes beds, which he considers of Sevalik age, i-esting upon 
sandstones with clays ; the latter beds are, probably, the representatives of the Sind Manchhar 
group, and Mr. Ball’s Sevaliks may correspond to the massive conglomerate found in Sind at 
the top of the tertiary series. 
Of course, considering that Mr. Ball made only a flying visit to the hills at the most 
unfavourable season of the year, he may have easily overlooked some groups, aud representa- 
tives of the Gaj and Nari beds of Sind could scarcely have been detected without a careful 
survey. Still the absence of the massive sandstones of the former group is important. 
* I. c. pp. 33), 289. 
t pp. 253, 280. 
t Memoirs Geological Survey or India, VI, pp. 61-65, 208, &o. 
§ Records Geological Survey of India, VII, p. 145. 
