103 
paet 3.] Lydeklcer : Fossil Mammalian Fauna of India and Burma. 
The distinction between the molars of this genus and Anthraeotherium are well pointed out 
by Falconer in bis memoir. 
The peculiar form and size of the premolars, now first known, (sufficiently differentiate this) 
remarkable genus from all its congeners. The gigantic size of the premolars appears to be a 
further extension of the ultra development of the anterior teeth, which is found in Hippopotamus 
and Sus : in the living genera this ultra development is confined to the canines and incisors only, 
while in the fossil genus it extended back to the premolars. It is to he hoped that further re¬ 
searches may bring to light the cranium and autcrior teeth of this most remarkable mammalian 
form. 
The o-enus was called by Falconer by the two names of Tefraconodon and Charotherium 
The latter name is now applied to a small suine animal from Sausans, (Lar) ; (see Ann. Mag. 
Nat. Hist. Ser. 1Y, Yol. XII, p. 177). For this reason 1 have here called the genus by Its forme 
name only. 
Vishnutherium iravadicum (nov. gen. mihi.) 
Genus founded on a portion of a left mandible discovered by Mr. \V. T. Blanford in Burma ; 
the specimen contains the first and second true molar teeth. The general form of the molars is 
like those of Camelopardalis, Sivatherium, and Bramalherium, and the enamel has the same 
rugose character ; the teeth are, however, distinguished from those of either of the above genera 
by the following characters :— 
Along the whole of the external surface of each molar there is a well-marked sinuated 
cingulum ; this extends half way across the posterior and anterior surfaces, where it is very 
conspicuous : it is produced into a number of cusps on the anterior surface ; there is a prominent 
tubercle at the entrance to the main valley between the barrels: the other characters differ hut 
slightly from those of the teeth of the above genera. 
Length of two molars ... ... ••• ••• ••• — 38 _ 
Ditto of last ditto ... ■■■ *" 1 io 
Breadth of ditto... ... ... ••• '*■ 
This genus is distinguished from Sivatherium and Bramatherium by its small size, and by the 
presence of the cingulum and tubercle; from Camelopardalis by the presence of a cingulum, and 
by the tubercle being pointed and present in both molars, instead of being blunt and only present 
in tbe first molar : other minor differences will be noted when the specimen is figured and described 
fully. 
APPENDIX B. 
The following is a summary of the new forms added to the Siwalik fauna by the collections 
brought down during tbe present year by Mr. Theobald, together with notices of some of the 
more remarkable and rare specimens of previously known species. 
Perhaps the most interesting of these additions is a specimen of the tympanic bone of a species 
of Cetacean : tbe specimen presents some points of affinity to tbe corresponding bone of Platanista, 
and is of about the same size; it, however, presents such differences as will probably necessitate its 
being placed in a distinct genns. This is tbe first instance of a Cetacean bone having been 
obtained from the Siwaliks, though Falconer conjectured that they would eventually be discovered 
Two geneva, though previously known in other tertiary beds of India, have now been for the 
first time added to tbe true Siwalik fauna : these are Listriodon and Acerotherium. 
Of tbe genus Bos and allied forms, four new species have been added to tbe Siwalik fauna : 
descriptions of these will shortly be published in tbe “Palseontologia Indica. 
