156 Records of the Geological Survey of India. [vol, ix. 
stones to the metamorphic series; but I presume there must be continuation of the main 
fault between the two groups. 
In certain places the lowest exposed beds of the metamorphic series consist of dark-blue 
limestone passing up into or alternating with shales ; in other places the limestone series is 
not exposed ; in the former case there is a great physical break in the country at the Sirmur 
metamorphic junction, formed doubtless by the unequal disintegration of the limestone, and 
red clay and sandstone series ; in the latter case the junction between the two formations 
does not form any marked feature in the country, the rapidity of weathering of the two kinds 
of rocks being approximately equal. 
I do not think that there is any need of adding to the descriptions of the red-rocks 
given by Mr. Medlicott in his paper above quoted, their composition being exactly' similar 
in my district. 
In the lower part of the Mari district (Shaddita) the purple sandstones and red clays of 
the Sirmur group rest suddenly upon the nummu'.itic limestone, without the intervention of 
the red and green splintery clays of the upper Subathu zone which occur to the eastward; it 
appears, therefore, that the bottom beds of the red series are unrepresented here: at Mari 
itself the splintery coloured clays are present, and the junction between the limestones and 
red series is transitional as in the original Subathu sections; hut the great thickness of dark 
purple slatey shales which occur on the Pine Eiver iu the Jamil district (see Medlicott) do 
not seem to he fully represented here. 
The whole of the nuramulitic rocks forming parts of the high ranges to the west of 
Pindi and Mari appear to me from the general similarity of their mineral characters to 
belong to the Subathu series; and I do not see, iu the absence of characteristic groups of 
fossils, any strong reason for separating these, beds, under the name of Hill-Nummulitic 
Limestone, from the nummnlitic limestones of the typical Subathu zone. It is true, however, 
that the upper limestone hands in the Mari district are frequently of a lighter colour than 
the lower, but, on the other hand, the shales in both the upper and lower hods are exactly 
similar in character to those of the typical Subathu zone of Mr. Medlicott: the whole of the 
nummnlitic series iu this district is undoubtedly of a much greater thickness than in Jamu; 
approaching thereby to the nummulitic series of Sindh (Blanford, Eec. Geol. Saw., Ind., 
supra, p. 8), and perhaps indicating a formation deposited in a deeper sea than that of 
Jamu. The exact or even approximate thickness of the uummulitics in this district, however, 
is very difficult to determine, since they are so mixed up with the very similar limestones 
and shales of the oolitic and underlying rocks, that ft is almost impossible to divide 
the two. 
In the nummulities of this district there occur certain bands of thick-bedded dark lime¬ 
stone abounding in nummulities which do not occur in the Jamu district; it is, I think, 
a by no means improbable suggestion that part of the purple clay series of the Jamu district 
(nummuliferous on the Pine Eiver), and which I have said does not seem to be represented 
here, may really belong to the same horizon as part of the limestone and shale series in this 
district; the series in the Jamu district having been deposited in a more shallow sea than 
the present beds. 
Mr. Wynne (sup. cit.) has described a number of purple sandstones and red clays inter¬ 
calated between the upper and lower limestone series in the Mari district; these beds, or the 
greater part of them, are so exactly similar in mineralogical character to the overlying Marx 
beds, that I cannot but think their occurrence in their present position is due to faulting, 
though the relations of the different bands are difficult to determine, owing to crushing and 
talus deposits. 
