16 
Records of the Geological Survey of India. 
[voi.. x. 
Jesalmir to Rohri .—The country to the north of Jesalmir was not examined. Lime¬ 
stone is said to extend in this direction for about fifteen miles. Westward, on the road to 
Rohri, the Jesalmir limestone bod is traversed for seven or eight miles, then after two miles of 
sandy plain, some low hills are crossed, consisting of calcareous sandstone, partly whitish, 
partly darl:-coloured, with a little limestone. Those beds appear to overlie the Jesalmir lime¬ 
stone. The next rocks seen form a low ridge north-west of Ckitrail, about fourteen miles from 
Jesalmir, and consist of blackish ferruginous sandstone, dark-brown calcareous sandstone, 
whitish calcareous sandstone—which weathers into heaps of fantastic forms, resembling bones 
or stems of trees—yellow and buff sandstones, and white sands, streaked and variegated with 
purple. These beds have a low north-west dip, less than 1° in general, and consequently 
they appear to overlie the beds of lesalmir. Very little rock is seen for tenor twelve 
miles to the westward, the little which is seen being similar to that near Chitraii. 
A mile west of Kuchrf, twelve miles from Chitraii, another low scarp appears, consisting 
of dark calcareous sandstone resting upon soft, white sandstone. On the top of the scarp 
there is a band of buff and brownish limestone, sometimes changing to red where exposed, 
and abounding in Ammonites of three or four kinds: an Area and other bivalves also 
occurring, and there is a bed of oysters. It was a fragment of this rock, brought by 
Dr. Iinpey, which was examined by Dr. Carter, and recognized as of Jurassic age. 
These beds have a low dip to west-north-west. In the valley to the westward, some 
soft grey sandstone of the usual Jurassic character is seen, with, as usual, hard ferruginous 
beds interstratified. West of this again, four or five miles from Kucliri, is a steep scarp of 
Nummulitic limestone, resting on the Jurassic beds. The junction is clearly unconfornmble, 
although the unconformity is not marked and the bedding of the two formations is nearly 
parallel. On the top of the scarp is a bed of the rock characteristic of the Khirthar lime¬ 
stone weathering with a rugged nodular rubbly surface, and containing Nummuliies 
Ramondi, N. Leymerici ? and N. Beaumonti. Below this are softer yellowish beds, and 
near the base are some greenish and buff shales, associated with an impure limestone con¬ 
taining N. Spira. This band, doubtless, represents the lowest bed in the Rohri hills, in 
which N. Spira is especially abundant. No trace of the green clays seen below the lime¬ 
stone of the Rohri hills, or of any of the iufra-Nummulitic and cretaceous beds of Sind, 
could be recognized. 
The scarp extends for many miles to the north-east; to the south-west it is covered by 
sand-hills. Westward the limestone extends for about two miles beyond Kuyala, or between 
four and five miles altogether, and patches occur beyond ; at first at short intervals ; but after 
three or four miles, no more are met with until one is seen amongst the sand-hills about 
seventeen miles from Kuyala, and another halfway between Asu and Gotaru. About five 
miles west of Kuyala, near some wells called Banda, there is an inlier of buff limestones and 
ferruginous sandstone, evidently belonging to the Jurassic rocks, surrounded by nummulitic 
limestone. 
On the road which passes through Asu, sand-hills begin to cover the ground completely 
about six or seven miles before reaching that village, which is twenty-two miles from Kuyala, 
and they continue thence for the greater part of the distance to Rohri. Near Asu and Gotaru, 
they are arranged in long ridges, having a general direction of about north-20°-east to south-20“- 
westj but towards Mitrahu^ the first place where fresh water occurs withiu the Sind fron¬ 
tier, the regular ridges cease and irregular hills occur, often scarped steeply to the north- 
north-east. Alluvial tracts and marshes appear between the hills, and the country is within 
the limits of the Indus alluvium. 
