PART 2.] 
King : Rocks of the Lower Godavari. 
57 
to near Tallapoody on the right bank of the Godavari, and thenee by a few distant outliers of 
the upper group near Innaparazpolliam in that part of the Vizagapatam district included 
in this sheet of the Atlas. 
The main belt rises up at a low angle (5° to 10°) from the western edge of the 
Godavari delta, or from under the Eajahmandry sandstones and the Deccan traps and 
infratrappeans of Pangady, and presents a low, sloping and scarped edge to the north-west, 
or towards tho Chintalpoody country of Kamthis, which in its varied surface of hills and 
plains presents a marked contrast to the uniform surface of the series now under notice. 
The grouping of the series is very clear in its main belt between the Godavari 
and the Ellorc river (Tormalair). Uppermost, there is a thin (40 feet) set of dark-brown 
and red sandstones and conglomerates, essentially ferruginous, with silicio-argillaceous 
conglomerates and pebble-beds, and bands of concretionary clay-iron-stones. These are 
ra her softer and more varied in colour towards the bottom, becoming harder and more 
ferruginous as they are traced upwards, and the upper beds are the heavy ferruginous 
conglomerates and lateritoid patches which make up the Yernagoodem and Yadavole 
country sloping down to the Delta. On a conspicuous point of the north-west scarp is 
the well-known Pagoda of Chinna Tripetty, whence the name of the group. 
The Tripetty beds, in the main area, have as yet only yielded a few indistinct 
fragments of fossil wood ; but from the Innaparazpolliam outliers, which I consider to 
belong to this group, a small collection of fossils was obtained, from which Dr. Stoliczka 
inferred that the rocks must be of uppermost jurassic age, because the fossils are allied to 
those of his Umia beds in the Kachh series. 
Below the Tripetty scarp and near Ragavapuram, these sandstones are seen to 
pass down by softer and less sandy beds into a set of white and buff shales, having a 
few beds of sandstone near the bottom. Near Ragavapuram, in the slope of an outlying 
plateau, numerous fossils occur in these shales, among which a Leda is the most common 
form, ranging through all the beds, and with this are associated fewer specimens of 
Pecten, Gervillia, tSfc., and a few cycloid fish-scales. About one-third way up the group are 
some thin yellow and brown flaggy and shaly sandstones, in which specimens of an 
Ammonite are frequent, with many fragments of PtUophyllum (Palceozamia) and a few 
other plant remains. 
The shales form a lenticular patch between the upper and lower sandstones of 
about twenty miles in length along the scarped edge of the series, being well overlapped at 
each end by the Tripetty sands, which then rest on the bottom group. Near Talapoody, 
and as outliers near Innanparazpolliam, the Tripetty beds overlap the lower sandstones and 
rest directly on gneiss. 
The Ragavapuram beds are very like the Rajmehal shales of the Trichinopoly and 
Nellore Districts; and they resemble, except in being less hard and porcellanic, the fossili- 
ferous shales found last season by Mr. Foote in the Nellore and Kistnah Districts, 
which contain, I believe, some plants and molusca similar to those of Ragavapuram. 
Below the shales comes another set of brown and red sandstones and conglo¬ 
merates, which, in the main area, have not yet yielded any fossil remains except indistinct 
fragments of stems. At either end of the belt, these rest on the gneiss, though for 
the rest of their extent they rest uncouformably on the Kamthis or Chintalpoody sandstones ; 
and at one or two points near Kanlacheroo they form small cappings to isolated hills 
of the same series. 
