PART 2 .] 
King : Rucks of the Lower Godavari. 
511 
and Bezwada in the south-west corner of the sheet; and the obvious conclusion is 
that these flat, elevated areas are really the remains of an old marine floor on which the 
upper sandstones were deposited. 
Near Innaparazpolliam the fossiliferous sandstones are lying or shoring up on the 
first slopes of this even floor of gneiss. The same sandstones, and also those of the lower 
group, are shoring up over the denuded gneiss of Talapoody; and this shelving character is 
clearly evident at Golapilly. 
On the other hand, the Kamthis of Cliintalpoody, &c., are not lying on any north¬ 
west extension of this marine plateau, but are at a generally lower level, and on what must 
he a much more uneven floor which may, it is true, have been cut out of the old marine 
plateau, or may even have existed, with its Lower Gondwanas on it, before the Upper Gond- 
wana floor had been pared down. 
On the last point, as to the post-Kamthi formation of this floor, there is some 
evidence in the even strike of the Upper Gondwanas right across the Kamthi area. But 
this, with the kindred questions as to the direction of the slope of the old Kamthi valley, 
and the possibly much later age of the present Godavari valley, must be left for future 
consideration. 
Lower Gondwanas. 
No further examination was made of the Kamthis during this season, except in a 
general way while working along the north-west edge of the Golapilly group, or in crossing 
to and from the Beddadanole basin of Barakars. 
It seemed to me, all through my work, that there may be good reasons for the eventual 
distinction of the sandstones of Chiutalpoody and its neighbourhood, from a higher group 
to the north represented by very coarse, softish, white, purple and grey sandstones in the 
plateau hills around Dummapett in the Nizam’s Dominions, to the west of Asharaopett. 
The Cliintalpoody group is characterised by rather less coarse beds of more varied 
colors of red, brown and purple, while they are generally more ferruginous than those of 
Dummapett. There are also rather marked sots of beds full of nests and lumps of white, 
yellow and red indurated clay or hard (non-lamiuated) shale, these being not so much foreign 
fragments in the sandstone as irregular scams and segregations of clay, for there are often 
fair laminae and even thin beds of the same material interstratified with the sands. It was 
i n one of these seams of rather calcareous clay-stone near Kuulacheroo that Mr. Blanford found 
Glossopteris and Yertebraria; and I obtained more of these plant remains from another 
outcrop of the same kind of clays a few miles further to the south. 
The Barakars of Beddadanole crop out to the eastward from underneath the varie¬ 
gated ferruginous beds of the Cliintalpoody group, and though I am much inclined to 
suspect that there is unconformity between thorn as well as overlap, there is no clear section 
showing this. The association of the Barakars with the Asharaopett Kamthis is the same 
as I have seen it at Katnarum and Singareny: there is in each case a small patch of the 
former very clearly overlapped by the latter; and there certainly seemed to me to be a slight 
difference in the strike and inclination of the strata at certain points, though this after all 
is what might be expected to occur in beds of such varying thickness and extent us those ol 
the Barakars in the Godavari area. 
