60 
Records of the Geological Survey of India. 
FVOL. X. 
Nizam’s Dominions and Centeal Pbovinces. 
In marching to join Mr. Hughes in the Sironcha country, I came upon the northerly 
extension of the Kamthis beyond Pakhal Lake (east of Hannamkonda), to which part of the 
country I had carried their western boundary in a previous season. 
This afforded me an opportunity of again visiting the Kamarum coal-measures, when 
also the Talchirs, which I had considered at the timo of my first visit to be partly of 
volcanic origin, were re-examined. In this view I was much mistaken, there being after ail 
only a strong resemblance to volcanic rocks in the peculiarly weathered black and dark-green 
sandstones, and tbe quasi-vesicular character of some of these. 
To the east of Kamarum, the western edge of the Kamthis is seen very plainly in 
the hill ridges of Lingagoodium,* which range north-north-west to the Sullavey cross-valley; 
and beyond is a further group of hills to all appearance of the same series. 
In the long valley of Kottapilly, below the Lingagoodium range, traces of Talchirs 
are seen, but these could not be traced into contact with the Kamthis, owing to the extensive 
covering of superficial deposits. Further north, near Sullavey, the Talchirs are again 
met with in some force, lying, on their western edge, on Vindhyan quartzites and clay-slates, 
but overlaid by salmon-colored mottled sandstones on the Sullavey side. 
The rocks which I have here called Vindhyans are in every way similar to those of 
the Kadapah series, namely, quartzites (sands and conglomerates) and coarse clay-slates, 
with occasional thinner bands of grey and bluish-grey splintery silicious limestones weathering 
brown. These stretch northwards from the Pakhal Lake (which is on the Vindhyans) 
as a band of some ten miles in width between the Kamthis of Sullavey, &c., and the 
gneiss of Haunamconda and the country northwards. 
I think there is every reason to consider that the Lingagoodium beds extend as far as 
the groups of hills around Sullavey, that is, from their general appearance and lie ; but there 
is room for doubt as to whether the sandstones in the lower lying country to the north are of 
the same age. My attention was drawn more particularly to this in my traverse from 
south to north from Hannamconda to Chinnur near Sironcha. To the eastward of this line 
the country is marked by many groups of rather high hills, generally presenting their 
steeper sides to the west and north-west, their strata having a dip to the east and south-east. 
These hills are all, I feel sure, of the typical brown sandstones of the Kamthis ; but unless 
there be great faulting, of which there did not appear to be any sign, there is a great series 
of lower sandstones hading out from under the hill strata, and spreading overall the country 
west of Madapuv up to the reach of the Godavari above Sironcha. 
These sandstones are generally not so brown and ferruginous, or so hard, as the general 
run of Kamthis, and among them are soft yellow and reddish-brown beds of very fine 
texture: neither are they so harsh to the touch. Chocolate and salmon colors are 
common in the lower strata. A special variety is a rather fine-grained soft sandstone 
of salmon-red color, containing numerous fragments of pale-red and purple shales and 
calcareous shales scattered through the rock or, as often, in thin seams of smaller fragments. 
These contained fragments would appear to be from the Pern shales noticed by Mr. Blanford. 
Near Sullavey, the Talchirs are overlaid by sandstones remarkably like these mottled 
beds. 
* Lingagoodium is IS miles east of Pakhal Lake, which is 20 miles east of Warungal. 
