03 
Records of fhe Geological Survey of India. 
[vol. x 
Opposite Anarum at Kota, there is an outcrop of 9 feet of hard, sometimes rough¬ 
grained, grey or fawn-colored, splintery limestone with fish remains (bones, teeth, scales, 
&c.), some of the beds showing very indistinct Eslkeria. These limestones are not seen 
associated with any other beds; but they dip east-north-east, at 10° to 12°, undulating 
slightly, and it is quite evident from thoir position that they overlie (with some intervening 
deposits) the Palissya beds of Anarum, and are succeeded by red clays and variegated 
sandstones a short distance higher up the river bank. 
The Kota limestones appear again at KatarapilLi higher up the Pranhita, where they 
crop up to the west-south-west at the usual angle, and must overlie the rod clays of 
Maleri; and, about twenty-four miles still further to the north-west near Bimpur, the Maleri 
clays are overlaid in situ by limestones of the same kind, with the usual fish remains. 
Clearly, these limestones are a thick intercalation in the red clays and sands, though the 
proper fossiliferous clays of Maleri itself, with Ceratodus teeth, crocodilian bones and 
coprolites are underneath them, while there are variegated sands and rod clays above them in 
the river section at Kota. 
About eight miles to the north of Kota, on the left bank of the Pranhita, there is a 
high scarped plateau-range of hills overlooking the village of Chikiala, the strata of which 
are newer than those just described; and these must, I think, be considered at present as 
answering to the Tripetty sandstones of the Godavari District. 
The upper rod clays of the Sironeha series are visible in the river near Chikiala, but 
above theso no rooks are seen until well np the slopes of the plateau, and then, brown and red 
ferruginous sandstones and conglomerates appear in great force and so continue to the 
summit of the plateau. The resemblance between these beds and those of the Tripetty scarps 
is remarkable; aud there are just the same vitreous ferrugiuous conglomerates, hard silicious 
and argillaceous conglomerates, and bands of concretionary clay ironstones, as occhr in the 
Godavari and Ellore country. The series seems, however, to be very thick in the Chikiala 
plateau, aud fully the lower half of the slopes is concealed by debris. I did not see any 
indications of shales like those of Kagavapuram. The Chikiala scarps appeared to be 
continued away eastward into the Bastar country by still further ranges of flat-topped bills. 
Thus, for the Sironeha country, as far as our rapid examination can show, the Upper 
Gondwanas are represented by the— 
a. Chikiala sandstones. 
1. Maleri red days and Kota limestones, and the 
r, Sironeha sandstones, 
which answer by their fossils in the one case, and the wonderful litho¬ 
logical resemblance in the other, to the— 
a. Tripetty sandstones and 
c. Golapilly sandstones 
of the Godavai’i District. 
Further examination of the fossils of the Ilagavapuram shales may show that they and 
the intermediate group of Sironeha are also synchronous. 
Kadapahs and Karnuls. 
In the Chanda sheet to the north of Nandpa and Sakaravoye, I had an opportunity 
of seeing the quartzites, limestones and purple shales of the sub-metamorphic series already 
observed by Messrs. Blanford and Fcdden, They strike me as certainly of the Kadapah and 
Karmil series of Madras, or of the Kaladghi and Bhima series of Western India. 
