84 Records of the Geological Survey of India. [vol. x. 
Note on the Arvali Series in North-Eastern Rajputana, by C. A. Hacket, 
Geological Survey of India. 
The rocks that have been named the Arvali Series cover a large area in Rajputana. 
The portion of them which has been examined, and of which the following is a brief 
description, lies in the territories of the Rajahs of A1 war, Jaipur, Bhartpur and Karauli, 
included between Bhartpur on the east and Jaipur on the west, the northern boundary 
of the Alwar territory on the north, and a line drawn in a south-westerly direction from 
Byana through Karauli to the fort of Rimtumbour on the south. 
This area is occupied by ranges of hills, the highest of which rise to an elevation of 
upwards of 2,500 feet above the level of the sea, and about 1,600 feet above the general 
level of the surrounding country formed of wide sandy alluvial plains. Some of these 
hills are narrow ridges ; others form considerable masses, occasionally flat-topped, pre¬ 
senting arid, stony plateaux several square miles in extent, The principal of these hill- 
groups are those of Alwar, Byana, Lalsot and Rimtumbour. 
The Alwar hills are in places twenty miles across; they are, however, intersected by 
narrow longitudinal valleys having the Same general direction as the hills themselves ; both, 
in fact, following the strike of the. rocks. 
The direction of the ranges varies considerably; the most general direction is north 
to south and north-east to south-west, but in places the ridges describe a complete 
semicircle. 
The principal rivers draining this area are the Moril, Banas, Sabi and Banganga. The 
two former fall into the Chambal near Rimtumbour, and the two latter into the Jumna, 
one near Delhi and the other below Agra. Their broad, shallow sandy beds, sometimes 
upwards of a mile wide, contain little or no water, except in the rains. 
In the accompanying map, on account of its small scale, the hill-shading has been 
omitted. 
Besides the Arvali series, there are in our area a gneiss and a schist series, the 
Gwalior and the Vindhyan series. 
The gneiss is confined to a few small isolated hills on the plain, and some outcrops 
at the base of the scarps of the Arvali rocks on both sides of the Banganga valley; but in 
the latter position it is veiy imperfectly seen, as it is mostly covered by the debris of the 
overlying rocks. 
The schist series is exposed in several places in the Byana hills and at Malarna near the 
Moril river. In the Byana hills at Nithahar, the schists consist of alternations of mica- 
schists and thin hands of quartzites ; they are nearly vertical, and are overlaid uneonformably 
by the rocks of the Arvali series. 
Both the Gwalior and the Vindhyan series have already been described, the former in 
the Records and the latter in the Memoirs of the Survey. 
The Gwalior series is represented in our area in the ridge at Hindun, extending in a 
north-east to south-west direction, and formed of banded red jasper alternating with bands 
of haematite. 
The Vindhyan series is represented by a few outlying hills which occur west of a line 
of fault forming the north-western boundary of the main basin of the series. 
The rocks of the Arvali series are much disturbed, seldom dipping at a lower angle 
than 70°; their most general strike varies from north—south to 
Arvali series 
north-east—south-west; hut in places they describe nearly three-fourth* 
