part 2.1 Racket: Arvali Series in North-Eastern Hajp/itana. 
87 
The middle sub-groups attain to an enormous thickness at the eastern end of the hills, 
but die out near Hathoree. At the western end, a few miles south-west ot Nithahar, all the 
lower sub-groups are overlapped by the highest, which then rests upon the schists. The 
lowest of these sub-groups, the Nithahar, consists of upwards of 2,000 feet of quartzites, 
including several bands of contemporaneous trap. The next sub-group, the Badalgarh, 
consists of about 800 feet of shales and quartzite, best seen in the Badalgarh fort hill, but 
west of this it gradually thins and dies out near Seta. 
The Byana sub-group is formed of a white quartzite containing many bands of conglo¬ 
merate. It extends from Byana some miles west, but dies out three or four miles east of Seta. 
These conglomerate bauds are well seen in the hills near Byana. They vary in thickness 
from 1 to 20 feet, divided by thin bands of quartzite. They are made up of pebbles of 
quartzite, very similar to those of the lower sub-groups. All of the conglomerate hands die 
out within a quarter of a mile of Byana. Above the Byana comes the Panidama sub-group, 
composed of an enormous thickness of conglomerate and quartzite. The conglomerate is 
made up of pebbles of quartzite, jasper, and white quartz, all more or less water-worn. 
Like the other sub-groups, this thins out very rapidly. At Hathoree, where the strike ot 
the rocks suddenly changes, it is reduced to a few feet; it expands again a short distance 
further south-west, but is eventually overlapped a few miles south of Nithahar by the 
highest sub-group, the Weir. 
In a gorge about one and a half miles east of Seta, the Damdama sub-group for a short 
distance rests upon a denuded surface of the Badalgarh sub-group ; further west the latter 
sub-group dies out and the Damdama rests uneonformably on the Nithahar sub-group- 
These unconformities appear to be local, for to the east of Seta, where good sections ot the 
junctions of the different sub-groups are exposed, no trace of unconformity could be detected. 
The highest sub-group, the Weir, consists of black slaty shales, and a great thickness of 
quartzites. It occupies the broken east and west ridge a short distance north of the Byana 
hills. At Hathoree the strike changes to south-west, and at two or three miles south-west of 
Nithahar it overlaps all the other sub-groups and rests upon the schists. This ridge of 
Weirs continues in a south-west direction and connects the Byana with the Lalsot hills, 
where there is again an enormous thickness of the Alwar quartzites in which presumably all 
the sub-groups are represented, but are not distinguishable, as all the conglomerates have dis¬ 
appeared. In the Alwar hills, too, these sub-groups cannot be traced, although there is an 
equally great thickness of the quartzites, including several thin bands of conglomerate, but 
which are very irregular, continuing only a short distance along the strike. 
The Arvalis along their south-eastern boundary, between Karauli and the Banas river, 
form two synclinals in which both the Alwar quartzites and the lower portion of the Ajab- 
garh groups are exposed. South-west of the Banas a considerable thickness ot the Alwar 
quartzites, including two or three bands of trap, is seen in a shallow synclinal in the 
Rimtumbour hills. 
This boundary of the Arvalis is formed by a fault, on the south-eastern side of which 
the top group of the Viudhyans is brought against the Alwar quartzites. In the two syn¬ 
clinals between Karauli aud the Bauas river, on the north-west side of the fault, are several 
ranges and hills formed of shales and sandstone, probably the representatives ot lower 
members of the Viudhyan series. 
The rocks of this group occur chiefly iu the Alwar hills; but a small thickness of 
them is also exposed in the Rimtumbour hills. In the Alwar hills 
Ajabgarh group. they occupy the synclinal trough in the quartzites of the Alwar group; 
they also form the ridges to the east of the town of Alwar. The group contains a consider- 
