part 3 .] Mallet: Limestones in the neighbourhood of Burdlar. 149 
further west. The limestone in the former locality is of Damuda age, and was originally 
discovered by my colleague, Mr. Ball, in 1865, and mentioned in his progress report for that 
year. That at Hansapathar is included in the gneiss. It was found in 1864-65 by Mr. W. L. 
Willson during his survey of the crystalline rocks. 
B&ghmdra limestone --Immediately east of the fault which brings the gneiss against 
the coal-bearing series at Baghmara* there is a north and south ridge composed of 'Raniganj 
sandstone, dipping to the east at an angle of 30 or 40 degrees. It is in the valley to the 
south of the village, between this ridge and Panchet Hill, that the outcrop where the 
quarries have been opened is situated. At the time of iny visit three quarries had been opened 
in a line runnmg N. N. E.— S. S. W., the distance between the two furthest apart being 
some 300 yards. The general section is not as clearly visible as might be wished, but, 
gleaned from the different exposures of rock, appears to be as follows (descending)— 
(d).—Sandstone. 
(c).—Arenaceous limestone. 
(b ).—Shaly red micaceous sandstone. 
(«).■—Limestone. 
There is sandstone above the limestone (c), but it is not seen in immediate superposition, 
and there may be other beds between. The upper limestone, as seen in the most southerly 
quarry, is about 18 feet thick, and is repeated by a small slip. It is very massively bedded, 
but on the weathered surfaces traces of false bedding can be detected. The dip is east- 
20 0 -south at about 20°. The rock is of a dark greyish color and very arenaceous, with scales 
of mica and occasional bits of carbonized stems, &c.: the fracture is rough and uneven. 
The limestone in the second (middle) quarry resembles that in the first. One hundred 
yards or so to north-west of it there is another outcrop, exposing a few feet of similar rock. 
Whether this is the same band faulted, or a distinct one lower in the section than ( a ), is not 
clear, as the intervening ground is covered with surface soil. 
A little to one side of the third (most northerly) quarry the arenaceous limestone is 
partially visible, with a few yards of shaly micaceous sandstone below it resting on the 
limestone (a), winch is exposed in the quarry itself. The last-mentioned rock is massively 
bedded, like the arenaceous band, and similar to it in color, but it is seen by the eye alone to 
be of a purer kind. The sandy element is much more subordinate, and the fracture is 
smoother and imperfectly couchoidal. Eleven or twelve feet of limestone is exposed in the 
quarry, but the bottom has not been reached. Dip east-30°-south at 15°. 
1 have recently made some analyses of average samples from each band, which give the 
following results:— 
Upper limestone ( c ). 
Calcic carbonate ... ... ... ... 45'05 
Magnesic carbonate ... ... ... ... 11*53 
Ferrous carbonate ... ... ... ... 364i 
Ferric oxide ... ... ... ... *28 
Phosphoric acid ... ... ... ... *07 
Insoluble (chiefly sand, but also includes scales of mica, with 
some clay and a small quantity of carbonaceous matter) ... 39*28 
99*85 
* Vide Map of the E&niganj Field : Memoirs, Geological Survey of India, Vol. Ill, Pt. I* 
