as long as they lasted, holding them underfoot while ham¬ 
mering them with their beaks to remove the outer shell and 
thronging the tree at all hours of the day. I saw them 
thus engaged for the last time on October 6, During the 
remainder of that month it was unusual to note more than 
two or three daily and almost none remained after November 
1 
Flocks of Crows, bred oe breeding further to the 
north and migrating southward over or past our farm. 
were noted there on October 13 ,14 , SSflo 
( 504 -) ( 404 ) 
4 , 11 . Almost all these flights occurred 
between 7 and 10 A. M, The birds composing them invariably 
pursued a south-westerly or perhaps even westerly course, 
never a directly southward one. They usually passed very 
high in air, following one another in straggling order and 
at such wide intervals that the vanguard of a, flock con¬ 
taining no more than one hundred numbers might become lost 
to view in the far distance before its rearguard appeared 
in sight. Such, at least, was their custom in clear and 
serene weather, when it was interesting to watch their 
leisurely, level and straight-onward flight as they passed 
in seemingly endless and impressively well-ordered procession, 
all keeping t) nearly the same elevated, aerial pathway 
