G. H. F. Nuttall and C. Strickland 
83 
by Sir John McFadyean and Dr E. J. Marzinowsky, who sent us the 
strains of parasites, N. equi and P. caballi, respectively, with which we 
worked. H. B. Fantham, D.Sc., and Miss A. Porter, D.Sc., and Mr 
B. G. Clark aided considerably in the earlier part of the investigation, and 
our thanks are also due to them for their assistance. We are further¬ 
more indebted to Mr Joseph Bancroft, F.R.S., for the kind help he gave 
us in determining the haemoglobin content of the blood of our horses; 
he has supplied us with the Note on the method we employed which 
will be found described at the end of the Appendix. 
In a future paper we shall give a general summary of our present 
knowledge regarding Nuttalliosis and Piroplasmosis in horses as 
observed in different parts of the world. 
Conclusions. 
The term “Biliary Fever’’ or “Piroplasmosis,” hitherto supposed 
to apply to a specific disease affecting horses, in reality refers to two 
distinct diseases produced by distinct parasites. For convenience’ sake, 
and in accordance with the terminology at present in vogue, these two 
diseases may be named after the parasites which produce them, i.e. 
Piroplasmosis (due to Piroplasma [or Babesia] caballi Nuttall, 1910) 
and Nuttalliosis (due to Ntittallia equi (Laveran, 1910), Fran 9 a, 1909). 
REFERENCES. 
Bowhill, T. (10. I. 1905). Equine Piroplasmosis, or “Biliary Fever.” Journ. 
Hygiene, v, 7-17, Pis. I-III. 
Franqa, C. (1909). Sur la classification des Piroplasmes et description de deux 
formes de ces parasites. Areh. do R. hist. Bacteriol. Camara Pestana (Lisbon), 
III, 11-18, PI. IT. 
Koch, R. (23. x. 1905). Vorlaufige Mitteilungen iiber die Ergebnisse einer For- 
schungsreise nach Ostafrika. Deutsche med. Wochenschr., xxxi, 1865, et seq. 
Laveran, A. (1901). Contribution al’etude de Piroplasma equi. C. R. Soc. de. hiol. 
S. XII, 385-388 ; also Rec. med. veterin., viii, 380. 
Nuttall, G. H. F. (ii. 1910). Note on the mode of multiplication of Piro¬ 
plasma hovis as observed in the living parasite. Parasitology, ii, 341-343, 
1 Diagram. 
Nuttall, G. H. F. and Graham-Smith, G. S. (vi, 1908). The mode of multiplication 
of Piroplasma hovis and P. pithed in the circulating blood compared with that 
of P. canis, with notes on other species of Piroplasma. Parasitology, i, 134- 
142, PL XI and Diagrams I-IV. 
Nuttall, G. H. F. and Strickland, C. (7. xii. 1910). Die Parasiten der Pferde- 
piroplasmose resp. der “ Biliary Fever.” Vorlaufige Mitteilung. Centralbl. f. 
Bakteriol. u. Parasitenlc., Originale. Lvi, 524-525. 
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