40 MR. SEWELL^S INTRODUCTORY LECTURE, 182 /. 
the necessity there is for you to attend to the animal although 
in a state of health, in order that you may be able to discrimi¬ 
nate correctly between health and disease. 
The next consideration is Anatomy, The bones must be 
studied in health in order to know when they are diseased. Af¬ 
ter the bones come the muscles and ligaments, and then the 
bloodvessels. It is this knowledge, so useful to you, that has 
made empirics, before bold and fearless operators^ afraid to ope¬ 
rate at all. Without such knowledge, neurotomy would ne¬ 
ver have been discovered. Wounds of arteries are very serious, 
and by such knowledge alone can be treated. After this, Mr. S. 
strongly recommends the study of morbid anatomy : it was 
this study well cultivated that made Dr. Bailey so eminent. 
There is one work, said Mr. S. here, which I ought not to 
have forgotten to mention ; and that is Boardman’s Diction¬ 
ary. There is also Whitens Veterinary Dictionary, a very useful 
work for any one to have in his possession. 
Some of our Members have distinguished themselves by the 
invention of shoes. The most ancient of these inventions is 
the shoe with the joint at the toe: it was used in Queen Eliza¬ 
beth’s time. Bracy Clark has taken up this shoe with great 
zeal and thinks that it must at some future day become the ge¬ 
neral shoe. But we find by wear the nails grow loose, the wall 
broken, and in consequence the shoe comes off; and the re¬ 
sult has been abandonment of it: if it could be made to an¬ 
swer it would prove one of the greatest advantages the 
veterinary art ever derived. The rivet also at the toe from 
wear was found to give way ; but this appears to have been re- ' 
inedied by the concealed double rivets. There are other shoes : 
Mr. Moorcroft’s—some say Mr. Clark’s of Edinburgh—the 
seated shoe; but we must go no further into this subject; it 
will come in future lectures. There is perhaps but little merit 
after all in these various shoes; the 2 :reat consideration beino; 
that the foot is properly prepared, and you do not lay the shoe 
against the sole : many of these shoes owe their good qualities 
to doing no harm. Perhaps the very best of these is the high- 
heeled shoe, which is to be applied in cases of lameness—in 
sprains, spavins, wounds, See. it is to the horse what laying up 
the arm in disease is to a man. No pack of hounds should ever 
go out without such a shoe : by various accidents a horse might 
be disabled ; when, with this shoe, he^could walk home. 
In cases of flexed joints, not anchylosed but out of the power 
of the animal to extend, (and when, did the same thing occur 
in the human subject, amputation must be practised,) Mr. S. 
