THE ANATOMY OF THE HORSE. 
43 
that should there be any gentlemen who may have entered to my 
lectures last season and have not derived from them the informa¬ 
tion they were led to expect, it will give me great pleasure, 
on application, to return them their entrance-money.’^ 
THE ANATOMY OF THE HORSE. 
By William Percivall, M. R.C. S.—V.S. 
Section I.— Osseom System, 
OF THE SKELETON., 
THE SKELETON is the simple, jointed, bony frame, divested 
of the soft parts and dried. Thei’e are two kinds :— 
1. The natural skeleton is that in which the bones remain 
attached to each other by their natural connections, denomi¬ 
nated ligaments, 
2. l%e artificial skeleton is made by separating the bones 
from all their connections, by macerating or boiling, and after¬ 
wards joining them again in their natural order and relative po- 
■ sition, by wire or other means, so as to imitate as nearly as 
possible the fonner one ; over which it possesses the advantages 
of cleanliness, distinctiveness, and more or less artificial mobi- 
^Jity of the joints. 
' Construction, Leaving the head and neck out of considera¬ 
tion, the entire frame will be found to come with sufficient prox¬ 
imity within the limits of a square, formed by drawing perpen¬ 
diculars, touching the extreme parts before and behind, from a 
horizontal line level with the surface of the ground, to another 
parallel to it touching the summits of the back. A line extend¬ 
ed perpendicularly through the middle of this square, divides 
the fraitie into two nearly equal parts, and falls upon the ground 
(represented by the inferior horizontal line) equidistant from the 
four points of tread ; a line drawn in the horizontal direction 
through its middle, includes the trunk within the upper divi¬ 
sion of the square, the space formed by the limbs, as well as 
the limbs themselves, within the lower section. The limbs re¬ 
present four columns supporting the body, the bones composing 
which, though many of them are obliquely placed, are found, 
on taking the aggregate of their directions, to maintain their 
bearing in lines parallel to the common centre of gravity, which 
