120 
VESICAL AND BILIARY CALCULI. 
called in during the life of the animal that he might have made 
it the subject of operation, and requested permission to examine 
the carcass. 
The bladder was half-full of limpid urine, in which floated 
the stone. The internal coat of the bladder about the inferior 
part exhibited slight blushes of inflammation; all round the. 
neck it was deeply inflamed, and thence the reddening spread 
about an inch into the urethra : the peritoneum also exhibited a 
light tint. 
’ SIMILAR CASE IN WHICH LITHOTOMY WAS PRACTISED 
SUCCESSFULLY. 
In September, 1822, a pig, eight months old, was shown to 
M. Reiss, which ever since (4 months) it had been castrated had 
sensibly fallen away, notwithstanding its liveliness and appetite 
remained unaflected. It would continue for a long while in the 
attitude of staling without being able to make any water : but 
at other times the urine flowed involuntarily, or came away in 
fits and with force enough even to reach the fore foot. In walk¬ 
ing it wriggled its croup. 
Having placed the animal upon a table with the fore quarters 
sufficiently raised to throw the viscera backwards and conse¬ 
quently afford greater facility in getting at the bladder, I intro¬ 
duced the index and middle finger of my right hand into the 
rectum to ascertain the state of the latter. I found that it con¬ 
tained but little urine ; and discovered through its coats a 
stone, round, hard, and moveable, which I pressed with much 
ease back to the neck of the bladder, but could not succeed in 
pushing it into the urethra, the part I proposed to lay open. I 
did so the next morning. I cut down upon a leaden sound 
previously passed into the urethra, and extracted the stone 
with a small pair of forceps. 
For 14 days after the operation urine passed through the 
wound ; on the 22nd day it was healed up. The animal speedily 
regained its embonpoint, and in two months after its recovery 
weighed five-and-twenty stone. 
BILIARY CALCULUS IN THE OX. 
In August, 1822, M. Reiss was called on to inspect the body 
