230 
RUPTURE OF THE DIAPHRAGM. 
To the Editor of The Veterinarian, 
Sir, 
Since I sent you the cases of Ruptured Diaphragm, I have 
met with another : the particulars are subjoined. 
I have also been informed by a neighbouring veterinary 
surgeon, that he has met with several cases; and am induced 
to think it a not unfrequent occurrence. 
I remain your humble Servant, 
W. A. Cartwright. 
Whitchurch (Salop) 
18 June, 1828. 
ABOUT nine o^clock on Thursday night, 29th May, 1828, 
a mare, big with foal, the property, of Joseph Hassell, Esq. of 
this town, was seen in her pasture apparently well. The fol- 
lowino; mornino; about five o^clock she was found dead. 
Examination ,—Abdomen enormously distended with food 
and flatus. About two yards of the intestines were protruded 
through the vagina; part of the placenta was also protruded, 
and filled with water. 
I 
The foal was a very fine one, and was presenting with its 
head and knees, the legs being doubled under; but it had not 
entered the vagina. There was not the slightest protrusion from 
the anus. 
The diaphragm on the left side was ruptured about half a 
yard in length, in different directions, but principally from the 
sternum upwards. The edges of the rupture were much more 
ragged than in the former cases; and the fibres were drawn out 
of each other to a greater length. The peritoneum covering the 
diaphragm was very much inflamed, and the pails in the 
’ neighbourhood of the rupture were black : two or three quails 
of coagulated blood were found in the abdomen. 
The sixth rib (about its middle) on the left side had been 
fractured, but was again united and sound: on the right side, 
the eighth rib had been fractured, but had perfectly united. 
• The tenth rib on the right side was obliquel y fractured, and 
had begun to knit together at its inferior end; the upper end was 
quite loose, and projected into the abdomen. 
The Lungs on the left side were collapsed, and did not above 
half fill that cavity; and there was considerable adhesion to 
the intercostal pleurae on their anterior inferior surface. There 
