ANATOMY OF THE IIOK8E. 
63 
shoulder; along its inferior border runs the levator humeri; and 
internally, with the complexus major, obliquus capitis inferior, 
and transversalis colli, which last-mentioned muscle is in places 
inseparably embodied with it. 
Structure .—Superior attachments, tendinous and fleshy; infe¬ 
rior ones, fleshy; excepting that separate flattened tendons fix it 
to the atlas and head : the intermediate parts are thick and sub¬ 
stantial, and fleshy. 
Direction .—Oblique; downwards and forwards : the anterior 
fibres incline more to a longitudinal course. 
Action. —Both muscles acting simultaneously, they will firmly 
erect the head and neck: one acting by itself, will incline these 
parts to one side. 
complexus major.— Dorso-occipitalis. 
Situation .—Deep-seated : underneath the former muscle. 
Form. —An extended triangle : broad posteriorly; narrow 
anteriorly; flattened ; thick in substance in the middle. 
Attachments. —Posteriorly, to the spines of the four or five 
anterior dorsal vertebrae; also to the transverse processes of the 
same : anteriorly, to the tubercle of the occiput. 
Relations. —On the outer side with the splenius; on the inner 
side, with the ligamentum colli, with the complexus minor, and 
also with the posterior cervical artery and vein, and the 3d, 4th, 
and 5th cervical nerves. Its posterior or aponeurotic part is in¬ 
cluded between the longissimus and spinalis dorsi: its tendon 
fixed on the occiput is subcutaneous. 
Direction. —Longitudinal: the fasciculi coming from the cer 
vical vertebrae inclining upwards and forwards. 
Structure. —The dorsal portion is aponeurotic. Its fleshy 
belly is intersected by narrow slips of tendon ; and near the 
head ends in a flat tendon. 
Action .—These muscles will forcibly erect the head, and have 
the effect of protruding the nose; or, going beyond this, they 
will conduce to that appearance called the ewe neck; in which 
(latter) operation it co-acts with the splenius. 
trach elo-mastoideus.— Dorso-mastoideus. 
Situation. —Deep-seated : underneath the vertebral attach¬ 
ments of the splenius. 
Figure. —Long; cylindroid ; bifid. 
Attachments. —Posteriorly, to the transverse processes of the 
two foremost vertebrae of the back; to the oblique processes of 
the six hindermost cervical : anteriorly, in union with the tendon 
of the splenius, into the mastoid process of the temporal bone. 
