ON GLANDERS. 
379 
Soleysel, who wrote in 1669, and whose work has been 
translated into all the European languages, considers glanders as 
a passive malady, allied to catarrh and strangles, next to which he 
places it; his descriptions may be thus summed up.—“Glanders 
consists in a profuse nasal flux of a viscous phlegmatic humor, 
white or red, yellowish or greenish, which is sometimes furnished 
by the spleen, almost always by the lungs, seldom by the liver 
and kidneys. Glanders invariable manifests itself by ulceration 
in the lungs, rather than elsewhere: the ulceration gradually 
spreads and destroys their structure, and the animal, after five or 
six months’ suffering, dies. The diagnostic sign between glanders 
and catarrh is the adhesive property of the discharge, which 
sticks like glue about the nostrils: and this is an unfavourable 
presage.—It is a malady highly contagious, and very difficult to 
cure. Most of those who boast of having performed such cures 
have only recovered cases of strangles or catarrh; for but few 
glandered horses are cured: or w^ith more approach to 
truth, we may say that none are”. Soleysel cultivated 
with success some parts of the veterinary art, particularly the 
study of the exterior of the horse; his acquirements have proved 
useful; his contributions have sensibly progressed science, and 
even at the present day his works may be consulted with ad¬ 
vantage : but he lived at an epoch w hen the study of anatomy 
w r as unknown among farriers; he was ignorant of the principles 
of this science so essential to the therapeutic art; a declaration 
he makes himself in his “Parfait Mar£chal.” Without so 
necessary, so indispensable a guide, his ideas of glanders are er¬ 
roneous or altogether false ; his opinions are not the result of ob¬ 
servation or experiment, but are rooted in a hypothetical combi¬ 
nation established upon the most obvious symptoms of the ma¬ 
lady ; and the ultimatum of the analysis of his work comes to 
this,—that he ascribes all disorders occasioned by glanders to an 
acrid humour corroding the pituitary membrane. This opinion 
has been revived as new by several writers since Soleysel, as 
well as the extirpation of the lymphatic glands between the jaws, 
which the same author sets little importance upon, as not in¬ 
cluding all the diseased pails. 
Garsault wears himself out in ratiocination and hypothetical 
explication; and, like Soleysel, whose ideas he has in a great 
measure borrowed, he has created an imaginative system of his 
own. Glanders, according to this author, is bred by an acrid 
and indigested humour, or by a concrete lymph disgorged from 
the blood into the nasal and submaxillary glands. The less 
thick and acrid this matter is, the more readily it is separated 
from the blood, and the less it corrodes the parts in which 
