408 
ON WARRANTY, &C. 
pronounces him to be sound. After working him for eight or ten 
days, however, the heaving-at-the-flank returns, increases, grows 
worse, and the animal dies. Dissection shows pulmonary or pleu¬ 
ritic disease of long antecedent date. The veterinarian is blamed 
by the buyer of the horse—his reputation is even attacked : never¬ 
theless, he ought not to suffer this to disturb his conscience; he 
knows well that there exist circumstances over which science has 
no controul, and, moreover, that 
“ To err is human;”— 
it only serves to teach him how much caution such decisions de¬ 
mand/’ 
Affections of the Chest . 
u It often happens, however, that a veterinarian is not sent for 
until after the horse is dead : and of all the causes of death, the 
most are seated in the chest.” 
“ Simple acute inflammatory affections marked (if pleuritic) by 
redness of the pleura, injection of its bloodvessels, effusion of a 
reddish, turbid or even limpid fluid into the cavities, and the pro¬ 
duction of false yellow unsubstantial membranes lightly adherent 
to the opposed surfaces; or (if peripneumonic) by redness of 
the pulmonary tissue, even approaching to blackness, in conse¬ 
quence of the congestion of arterial or venous blood, or by some 
little increase of density exteriorly, although the texture may prove 
more easily lacerable without its pleura: such appearances, I 
repeat, cannot form a plea for return, unless the purchaser can 
prove that the animal was in ill health prior to sale, and to that 
degree, that he could not withstand the trial he was then sub¬ 
mitted to.” 
“ On the other hand, these maladies may be attended with 
chronic organic lesions ; as, for example, when one finds, besides 
the above appearances, the surfaces of the pleura connected by 
ligamentous bands, strong and difficult of laceration ; the pleura 
thickened, its surface rugose, and in places indurated; its uncon¬ 
nected surface presenting small reddish, loose filaments, from 
one to two inches in length; the pulmonary tissue bestrewed 
with tubercles, or else indurated, hepatized, greyish, whitish, or 
perhaps converted into a kind of muscular substance; or present¬ 
ing ulcerations or abscesses containing a whitish, semi-solid 
matter; or a greyish matter, liquid and infected : with such ap¬ 
pearances, the veterinarian may pronounce that the animal has 
died of an affection whose seeds were sown prior to the sale.” 
“ But chronic affections of the chest almost always destroy, by 
giving origin and intensity to some fresh attack of inflammation ; 
