196 MEMOIR ON VESICAL CALCULI, &C. 
aspect, and grew less and less turbid, until it at length acquired its natural 
qualities. The hand introduced into the rectum assured us that the stone 
was gone.” 
The animal, however, even after this, was given up to the 
school as valueless, in consequence of the continuance of the para¬ 
lysis of his penis, over which the remedies employed seemed to 
have no controul. J. P. Gohier (in his “ Memoirs and Obser¬ 
vations on Veterinary Surgery and Medicine/') the Professor at 
Lyons, has related three cases wherein the same experiment was 
made; but they are far from being satisfactory in their results, 
and therefore we shall pass them over. 
It appears that good wine vinegar is the most proper for the 
purpose; and that the injection ought to be raised to the tempe¬ 
rature of 106°; and that the harder the calculus, the greater 
the time required for its dissolution. When we come to reflect, 
however, on the degrees of acidity and heat required in the injec¬ 
tion ; that to produce effect it must remain for some considerable 
time' in the bladder; that therein it unavoidably becomes mixed 
with more orless urine, and consequently weakened in power; and, 
finally, on the trouble there commonly is in administering the injec¬ 
tions, and particularly should the animal experience much irrita¬ 
tion from them, the remedy may prove even worse than the disease, 
or, at all events, we may be glad to have recourse to the other me¬ 
thod of relief. 
“In the female, the stone may be extracted by the dilatation of the 
urethra by mechanical means, aided by relaxing injections and fomenta¬ 
tions : cystotomy is only to be resorted to when these fail. In this case, litho¬ 
tomy consists simply in laying open the urethra, along its median line, and 
from behind forwards: it is to be performed with a bistonri directed by 
one of the fingers of the left hand. In this manner, M. Dulils, Y.S. a 
Bordeaux, in 1821, extracted a stone from a mare, which was lodged, in part 
in the meatus urinarius; whereby she, who was before the subject of frequen 
colics, became at once restored to ease, and speedily afterwards to health 
In the centre of the stone was found an almond, forming its nucleus. A 
the time it was shown to us, M. Dufils assured us that it had lost much ol it 
weight and volume; proving, thereby, that these calculi contain a laige pro 
portion of fluid, the evaporation Of which evidently brings on this diminu 
tion.” 
Such is the pamphlet we have thought it our duty to analys 
and lay before our readers. In the present state of our know 
ledge and experience, it embraces pretty well all that can be ol 
fered on the subject; and, like the worthy Director’s other works 
also puts us in possession of some new facts which cannot fail t 
be of service to us.—In taking leave, one thing alone we woul 
impress on the mind of the veterinary practitioner; which is- 
whenever stone is suspected, the absolute necessity of manual ex 
animation; a test no less certain in its result than easy and read 
in its performance. 
