ANATOMY OF THE HORSE 
399 
wise, it is fleshy as far forward as the false nostrils, where it ends 
in a cylindroid tendon, and which here passes through a sort of 
cellular sheath, by which it is retained in its proper place. In 
turning over the front of the nose it grows flat, and at the peak 
formed by the apices of the nasal bones forms a junction with its 
fellow coming from the opposite side. The two form a single flat 
tendon, which expands a little in descending, and ultimately dis¬ 
appears in the fleshy substance of the lip. 
Use. —To raise and corrugate the upper lip, and in some degree 
assist in the dilatation of the false nostrils. 
CANINUS VEL LEVATOR ANG. ORIS. 
Portion of the alveolo-maxillaris. 
Situation. —Fore part of the side of the face. 
Figure. —Broad, flat, triangular. 
Attachments. —Superiorly, to the broad depression upon the 
side of the fore angle of the superior maxillary bone; inferiorly, 
to the alveolar processes of the lower jaw, and the bone in front 
of them; internally, to the buccal membrane ; anteriorly, to the 
side of the lip and angle of the mouth. 
Relations. —Externally, with the zygomaticus, inferior division 
of the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi, dilatator naris lateralis, 
panniculus camosus, and skin; internally, with the masseter, 
buccal membrane, and two front upper molar teeth. 
Direction. —Transverse and penniform r the superior fibres di¬ 
verge from their maxillary attachment; those below run obliquely, 
forwards and downwards. 
Structure. —Fleshy. 
Use. —To render the buccal membrane tense, and also to assist 
in elevating the angle of the mouth and side of the lip. 
buccinator. — Alveolo-labialis. 
Situation. —In the space between the jaws. 
Figure. —Broad, flat, approaching the triangular. 
Attachments. —Posteriorly, to the border of the lower jaw in 
the space between the last molar near to the root of the coronoid 
process, and to the tuberosity of the superior maxilla ; superiorly 
and inferiorly, to the outer walls of the alveolar cavities for the 
molar teeth; anteriorly, to the angle of the mouth; and inter¬ 
nally, to the buccal membrane. 
Relations. —Externally, with the masseter, caninus, pannicu¬ 
lus, and skin, and with the facial artery and vein and parotid 
duct; internally, with the buccal membrane; postero-inferiorly, 
