The picture that that study provided us for the Chesapeake 
Bay was not a very romantic or pretty picture because the 
problems were getting ahead of the Bay's natural capability to 
deal with those problems on its own. But while painting this 
somewhat gloomy picture, the EPA-Chesapeake Bay study gave us 
every reason to hope that with the proper steps, taken as 
guickly, as possible we could restore the Bay’s health. 
Of course, one of the things that the study emphasized is 
that if the Bay is to survive it has to be addressed as a total 
entity. The waters of the Bay can't be treated as the Maryland 
waters north of the state line and the Virginia waters south of 
the state line. The crabs that spawn in Hampton Roads and then 
move up the Bay don't know where that line is. The oyster which 
is produced north of that line and flows south doesn't know 
where that line is. You have to ignore those political bound¬ 
aries and treat the Bay as an entity. Not only the Bay itself, 
but this enormous basin with its multi-state complex problems. 
Another thing that the study has done is to indicate what 
tools we need to do the job; this is enormously important. The 
fact that we have already begun to apply those tools and have 
gotten some results, is grounds for some encouragement. 
We've gotten the States working together — you know, for years 
Maryland and Virginia have contested the waters of the Chesa¬ 
peake Bay. In fact, when Lord Baltimore first sailed into 
Maryland — settling the first Maryland State Colony — he was 
occupying land that heretofore had belonged to the Colony of 
Virginia, the Old Dominion. And a Virginian named Captain 
Clayburne contested that Maryland claim, and they actually 
fought a naval battle that the Virginians and the Marylanders 
fought in about 1630 off Kent Island. And there's been bad 
feelings between Maryland and Virginia all of those years. 
It has been impossible to get Marylanders and Virginians to 
cooperate on Bay problems. In fact, within a relatively short 
time ago, oystermen in Maryland were shooting at oystermen from 
Virginia who they thought were poaching in Maryland waters and 
vice versa. There were a couple of people killed every year in 
the oyster wars. So there were very bad feelings. It went 
beyond bad feelings; it was bad blood. 
But an extraordinary change took place w 
give John Warner considerable credit. Becau 
with John we got him interested. And he in 
interest of Governor Dalton of Virginia, and 
went down to Tangier Island. I believe that 
Island was the first overt expression of joi 
Virginia interest in the problems of the Bay 
move, things began to move politically. 
ith which I have to 
se after talking 
turn enlisted the 
the three of us 
visit to Tangier 
nt official Maryland- 
. And with that 
9 
