One of the characteristics of monitoring programs, I don't 
mean to embarrass anybody, particularly myself, is that it seems 
that measurements have to be reasonably simple. Monitoring pro¬ 
grams need to go on and on and on in order to develop the type 
of trends that are interpretable and in which we can have some 
confidence. 
These measurements need to be replicated so we can see and 
detect differences. It would be outrageously expensive, pos¬ 
sibly not even technically feasible, to on a very routine basis 
do some very "Jet Jackson" like things. It is probably impor¬ 
tant that some of these sophisticated measurements are made to 
resolve and help us interpret monitoring; but it seems to us 
that basically monitoring measurements made in the Bay need to 
be reasonably simple because they're the ones that we can reason¬ 
ably afford and that can be made on a routine basis. 
Consideration of time and space scales has gotten a lot of 
press lately. And it seems to me from my view of these moni¬ 
toring programs that the idea is sinking in that one cannot go 
out and measure all variables with the same spatial and time 
intensity. Different things are happening on different time and 
space scales, and in order to understand them they need to be 
measured appropriately. 
For example, if one were to take contours of oxygen from 
the east to the west side of the Bay, drop an oxygen probe and 
measure at about 8 meters or so, there's 4 parts per million 
oxygen, one would come to quite a different conclusion on the 
first day if 3 days later we went down and measured oxygen at 
about 6 or 7 or 8 meters and found out that it was anoxic. 
So the point here is that we can reach misleading, perhaps 
confusing conclusions if some of these things are not measured 
on an appropriate time and space scale. That's easy to say. 
It's considerably more difficult to do, and there is, of course, 
uncertainty. 
One of the nice things that's been happening, I think, in 
the last decade in the Bay is structures. Real things like 
these that are part of the Bay, we're starting to know about. 
And the more we know, I think the more fine-tuned a monitoring 
program could possibly be. 
A feature of these monitoring programs that I'd like to pro¬ 
mote and the group would like to promote is the notion that some 
measurements be integrated. That is, take into consideration a 
number of variables and measure something that tends to not only 
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